Genome-wide analysis of annexin gene family in Schrenkiella parvula and Eutrema salsugineum suggests their roles in salt stress response

Abstract

Annexins (Anns) play an important role in plant development, growth and responses to various stresses. Although Ann genes have been characterized in some plants, their role in adaptation mechanisms and tolerance to environmental stresses have not been studied in extremophile plants. In this study, Ann genes in Schrenkiella parvula and Eutrema salsugineum were identified using a genome-wide method and phylogenetic relationships, subcellular distribution, gene structures, conserved residues and motifs and also promoter prediction have been studied through bioinformatics analysis. We identified ten and eight encoding putative Ann genes in S. parvula and E. salsugineum genome respectively, which were divided into six subfamilies according to phylogenetic relationships. By observing conservation in gene structures and protein motifs we found that the majority of Ann members in two extremophile plants are similar. Furthermore, promoter analysis revealed a greater number of GATA, Dof, bHLH and NAC transcription factor binding sites, as well as ABRE, ABRE3a, ABRE4, MYB and Myc cis-acting elements in compare to Arabidopsis thaliana. To gain additional insight into the putative roles of candidate Ann genes, the expression of SpAnn1, SpAnn2 and SpAnn6 in S. parvula was studied in response to salt stress, which indicated that their expression level in shoot increased. Similarly, salt stress induced expression of EsAnn1, 5 and 7, in roots and EsAnn1, 2 and 5 in leaves of E. salsugineum. Our comparative analysis implies that both halophytes have different regulatory mechanisms compared to A. thaliana and suggest SpAnn2 gene play important roles in mediating salt stress.

Expression interplay of calcium-binding genes and transcription factors during the osmotic phase provides insights on salt stress response mechanisms in bread wheat

“…In addition to the transcripts of the OEC from the photosystem II related to photosynthesis reduction in Syn86 that were previously discussed (Duarte-Delgado et al, 2020), we highlighted additional genes within the non-EF-hand category associated with the susceptibility response from the genotype. For instance, annexins are plasma membrane proteins activated by ROS to function as Ca 2+ channels (Moinoddini et al 2023). The observed down-regulation of annexins could alter the transport of Ca 2+ and affect the [Ca 2+ ] cytosolic signals to be decoded by intracellular sensors (Liao et al 2017; Sanyal et al 2019).…”

Exploring the Potentials of Halophytes in Addressing Climate Change-Related Issues: A Synthesis of Their Biological, Environmental, and Socioeconomic Aspects

“…Schrenkiella parvula: It is another close relative of Arabidopsis thaliana and has many similarities with Eutrema salsugineum and has also been established as a halophyte model [56,58]. It has facilitated powerful comparative analyses with the salt-sensitive Arabidopsis to unravel the genetic adaptations that enable a halophytic lifestyle [59,60].…”