Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling of the Heat Shock Factor Gene Family in Phyllostachys edulis during Development and in Response to Abiotic Stresses

Abstract

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play crucial roles in regulating plant responses to heat and other stresses, as well as in plant development. As the largest monopodial bamboo species in the world, how to adapt to various stresses under the background of global climate change is very important for the sustainable development of bamboo forest. However, our understanding of the function of Hsfs in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is limited. In this study, a total of 22 non-redundant Hsf genes were identified in the moso bamboo genome. Structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis revealed that members of the PheHsf family can be clustered into three classes (A, B and C). Furthermore, PheHsfs promoters contained a number of stress-, hormoneand development-related cis-acting elements. Transcriptome analysis indicated that most PheHsfs participate in rapid shoot growth and flower development in moso bamboo. Moreover, the expression patterns of all 12 members of class A were analyzed under various stresses (heat, drought, salt and cold treatment) through Figurereal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Within the class A PheHsf members, PheHsfA1a was expressed mainly during moso bamboo development. Expression of four PheHsfA4s and one PheHsfA2 (PheHsfA4a-1, PheHsfA4a-2, PheHsfA4d-1, PheHsfA4d-2, and PheHsfA2a-2) was up-regulated in response to various stresses. PheHsfA2a-2, PheHsfA4d-1 and PheHsfA4d-2 were strongly induced respectively by heat, drought and NaCl stress. Through co-expression analysis we found that two hub genes PheHsfA4a-2 and PheHsfA4a-1 were involved in a complex protein interaction network. Based on the prediction of protein interaction networks, five PheHsfAs (PheHsfA4a-1, PheHsfA4a-2, PheHsfA4d-1, PheHsfA4d-2, and PheHsfA2a-2) were predicted to play an important role in flower and shoot development and abiotic stress response of moso bamboo. This study provides an overview of the complexity of the PheHsf gene family and a basis for analyzing the functions of PheHsf genes of interest.

Genome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Expression Analysis of the Hsf Gene Family in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus)

“…DcaHsf-A2a, A2b revealed to be strongly induced under heat stress conditions. This indicates that HsfA2 is a dominant regulator during the heat stress response in carnation, which is consistent with the studies of Arabidopsis , tomato, apple, Populus euphratica , and Phyllostachys edulis [11,22,38,39,45]. HsfA3 has been identified as an important player in the responses to heat, high salinity, and drought stresses in Solanum lycopersicum [46], whereas a similar function for HsfA3 is not detected in tomato [14].…”

“…In our study, DcaHsf-A1 demonstrated up-regulation in S, CA, YL, and ML (Figure 5). Phyllostachys edulis PheHsfA2a-2 is predicted to play an important role in flower and shoot development [38] and Cicer arietinum CarHsfA2 is up-regulated in shoot, root, and flower [12]. Their orthologs in carnations, DcaHsf-A2a, A2b , were constitutively expressed in S, CA, YL, and ML at relatively high levels (Figure 5).…”

Identification of Homeobox Genes Associated with Lignification and Their Expression Patterns in Bamboo Shoots

“…With the publishing of the moso bamboo genome [27] and the bamboo genome database (BambooGDB) [28], the work on gene identification at the whole-genome level is being greatly accelerated. Genome-wide analysis of IQD [29], SBP-like [30], TCP [31], heat shock [32], and MYB [33] has been performed in moso bamboo. Although identification and function analysis of HB genes have been widely carried out in many plant species such as rice, grapes, and carrots [34][35][36], a comprehensive understanding of the status of HB genes is lacking in moso bamboo, and those associated with lignification are still unclear.…”

Leaf-Associated Shifts in Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Response to Chicken Rearing Under Moso Bamboo Forests in Subtropical China

“…Bamboo forests are an important type of forest in tropical and subtropical areas, covering a total area of 31.5 million ha in 2010 and accounting for approximately 0.8% of the world's total forest area [1]. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houzeau, synonym Phyllostachys heterocycla (Carrière) is currently the most important source of woody bamboo [2]. The shoot of moso bamboo can grow from 0-20 m in 45-60 days under suitable spring conditions [3].…”