Genome variation among varicella-zoster virus isolates derived from different individuals and from the same individuals

Hondo, Ryo; Yogo, Yoshiaki; Kurata, Takeshi; Aoyama, Yuzo

doi:10.1007/bf01313890

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Viral DNA from the E2490 strain was extracted and purified as previously described (11). Viral DNA from HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV, and SCMV was extracted and purified from the infected cells according to a previously described procedure (11). Trigeminal ganglia from four healthy seropositive cynomolgus macaques were used as test samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cloned 2.6-kb SalI-EcoRI fragment containing the US4, US5, and US6 genes from the SMHV strain (SMHV/pBV-DNA) was provided by Akio Yamada (National Institute of Infectious Diseases of Japan). Viral DNA from the E2490 strain was extracted and purified as previously described (11). Viral DNA from HSV-1, HSV-2, HCMV, and SCMV was extracted and purified from the infected cells according to a previously described procedure (11).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Specific Detection and Identification of Herpes B Virus by a PCR-Microplate Hybridization Assay

et al. 2004

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Herpes B virus DNA was specifically amplified by PCR, targeting the regions that did not cross-react with herpes simplex virus (HSV). The amplified products, which were shown to be highly genetic polymorphisms among herpes B virus isolates, were identified by microplate hybridization with probes generated by PCR. The products immobilized in microplate wells were hybridized with the biotin-labeled probes derived from the SMHV strain of herpes B virus. The amplified products derived from the SMHV and E2490 strains of herpes B virus were identified by microplate hybridization. PCR products amplified from the trigeminal ganglia of seropositive cynomolgus macaques were identified as herpes B virus DNA. The utility of the PCR-microplate hybridization assay for genetic detection and identification of the polymorphic region of herpes B virus was determined.Herpes B virus infection, caused by herpes B virus harbored in its natural host, Asian macaques, is a fatal encephalomyelitis in humans (6,23,26,37). The primary means of transmission of herpes B virus to humans has been suggested to occur by direct and/or indirect contact with virus-contaminated secretion from the natural host (38). Forty-three cases of herpes B virus infection have been reported since the first reports by Sabin (7,26). The infection has a high mortality if not treated by antiviral therapy in the early stages of infection. Thus, development of an assay is essential for prevention and early diagnosis of herpes B virus infection.Herpes B virus is an alphaherpesvirus that shares some characteristics with the herpes simplex virus (HSV) (9). Both of the neurotropic viruses establish latency in the sensory nerve ganglia of their natural hosts (2, 34). Stress induces reactivation of the viruses from the latent state, resulting in shedding of infectious viruses from mucosal tissue (14,35). In addition, herpes B virus shows strong serological cross-reactivity with HSV (5, 18). The genetic arrangement is almost identical between herpes B virus and HSV (8,21,22,25), and the nucleotide sequences of the herpes B virus genes have been reported to show high homology with the corresponding HSV genes (1,21,22,25). These similarities suggest that a sample from a patient with herpes B virus infection also contains HSV and that misidentification occurs in a diagnosis of the infection. In addition, HSV type 1 (HSV-1) was reported to be isolated and detected from a pet monkey and from white-faced monkeys with fatal infection, suggesting that a macaque, a natural host of herpes B virus, is infected with HSV (13, 30). Thus, accurate diagnosis of herpes B virus infection in both human and the natural herpes B virus host requires a specific assay to distinguish herpes B virus from the closely related HSV.PCR was considered suitable for specific detection of herpes B virus. PCR was designed to amplify the herpes B virus target sequence, which is the most divergent in the genome sequence among HSV-1, HSV-2, and herpes B virus (4, 25). Furthermore, the amplified region was shown...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Detection and Identification of Herpes B Virus by a PCR-Microplate Hybridization Assay

et al. 2004

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“…Although loss or gain of restriction sites has been reported (Hondo et al, 1987), the principal form of genomic heterogeneity is due to size variation of restriction endonuclease fragments at discrete locations in the genome. With the advent of restriction endonuclease maps (Ecker & Hyman, 1982;Straus et al, 1982Straus et al, , 1983Davison & Scott, 1983;Gilden et al, 1983;Mishra et al, 1984), these locations were shown to correspond to each of the reiterations (Straus et al, 1983;Hayakawa et al, 1986;Hondo et al, 1987;Kinoshita et al, 1988;. Size heterogeneity is due to variation in the numbers of repeated elements present in the reiterations.…”

Section: A J Davisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Dumas strain, it contains only one complete and one partial copy of the reiterated element, and was shown to be a true reiteration by examination of other VZV strains . R4 and R5 appear not to code for protein, whereas the elements that make up the other three reiterations are multiples of three bp and are (Oakes et al, 1977;Richards et al, 1979;Ecker & Hyman, 1981 ;Zweerink et al, 1981;Straus et al, 1981Straus et al, , 1983Straus et al, , 1984Martin et al, 1982;Pichini et al, 1983;Vlazny & Hyman, 1985;Hayakawa et al, 1986;Hondo et al, 1987;Kinoshita et al, 1988;. Although loss or gain of restriction sites has been reported (Hondo et al, 1987), the principal form of genomic heterogeneity is due to size variation of restriction endonuclease fragments at discrete locations in the genome.…”

Section: A J Davisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R4 and R5 appear not to code for protein, whereas the elements that make up the other three reiterations are multiples of three bp and are (Oakes et al, 1977;Richards et al, 1979;Ecker & Hyman, 1981 ;Zweerink et al, 1981;Straus et al, 1981Straus et al, , 1983Straus et al, , 1984Martin et al, 1982;Pichini et al, 1983;Vlazny & Hyman, 1985;Hayakawa et al, 1986;Hondo et al, 1987;Kinoshita et al, 1988;. Although loss or gain of restriction sites has been reported (Hondo et al, 1987), the principal form of genomic heterogeneity is due to size variation of restriction endonuclease fragments at discrete locations in the genome. With the advent of restriction endonuclease maps (Ecker & Hyman, 1982;Straus et al, 1982Straus et al, , 1983Davison & Scott, 1983;Gilden et al, 1983;Mishra et al, 1984), these locations were shown to correspond to each of the reiterations (Straus et al, 1983;Hayakawa et al, 1986;Hondo et al, 1987;Kinoshita et al, 1988;.…”

Section: A J Davisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Varicella-zoster virus

Davison

1991

Journal of General Virology

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Analysis of strain variation of R1 repeated structure in varicella-zoster virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction

1999

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The tandem direct reiteration R1 in the varicella-zoster virus genome consists of two elements: units composed of 18 bp and those having 15 bp, both of whose numbers and types of combination patterns vary among strains. The variations of the R1 structure were examined in order to differentiate between the wild strains and a varicella vaccine (Oka) strain by the polymerase chain reaction using two primer sets. The results showed that the 31 wild strains were classified into nine patterns: the R1 structure consisted of a combination of 5 to 7 18-bp units and 8 to 12 15-bp units. The strain with a combination of 6 18-bp units and 10 15-bp units was found to be predominant in Japan, and the same pattern was found in the vaccine strain, so that differentiation between the vaccine strain and the wild strains in Japan merely by analysis of R1 in VZV genome is difficult.

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Genome variation among varicella-zoster virus isolates derived from different individuals and from the same individuals

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Specific Detection and Identification of Herpes B Virus by a PCR-Microplate Hybridization Assay

Specific Detection and Identification of Herpes B Virus by a PCR-Microplate Hybridization Assay

Varicella-zoster virus

Analysis of strain variation of R1 repeated structure in varicella-zoster virus DNA by polymerase chain reaction

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