Genome Size is Negatively Correlated with Altitude in Natural Populations ofDactylis glomerata

Reeves, Gail; Francis, Dennis; Davies, M. S.; Rogers, Hilary J.; Hodkinson, Trevor R.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1998.0751

Cited by 89 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Intraspecific variations in genome size (not connected with different ploidy levels) have been reported earlier for some species like Zea mays or Glycine max (Rayburn et al 1997;Rayburn et al 2004). The variations were connected with different geographical localizations as for Arabidopsis thaliana (Schmuths et al 2004) or different altitudes as for Dactylis glomerata (Reeves et al 1998).…”

Section: Genome Of C Albummentioning

confidence: 60%

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

2011

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Two cytotypes of Chenopodium album, diploid (2n=2x=18) and hexaploid (2n=6x=54), were analysed using flow cytometry and a FISH experiment. The genome size was indicated as 1.795 pg for the diploid and 3.845 pg for the hexaploid plants which suggested genome downsizing in the evolution of hexaploid cytotype. Double FISH with 25S rDNA and 5S rDNA allowed three to five homologue chromosome pairs to be distinguished depending on the cytotype. The variation in size and number of rDNA sites between the polyploid C. album and its putative diploid ancestor indicated that rDNA loci underwent rearrangements after polyploidization.Flow cytometry measurements of the relative nuclear DNA content in the somatic tissue of C. album revealed extensive endopolyploidization resulting in tissues comprising a mixture of cells with a different DNA content (from 2C to 32C) in varying proportions. The pattern of endopolyploidy was characteristic for the developmental stage of the plant and for the individual organ. Polysomaty was not observed in the embryo tissues however endopolyploidization had taken place in most tested organs of seedlings. The endopolyploidy in diploid and hexaploid C. album was compared to find any relationship between the pattern of polysomaty and polyploidy level in this species. This revealed that polyploid plants showed a decline in the number of endocycles as well as in the frequency of endopolyploidy cells compared to diploid plants.

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Section: Genome Of C Albummentioning

confidence: 60%

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

2011

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“…Although many of the examples of intraspecific C-value variation have, lately, shown to be artefacts of the measurement methods (Greilhuber 2005;Murray 2005) many reports continue to be published that document genuine intraspecific C-value variation where the appropriate controls and standards have been used (Bennett & Thomas 1991;Reeves et al 1998;Hall et al 2000;Moscone et al 2003). Since it is known that the estimated 100,000 genes that are encoded in an eukaryotic genome make up only approximately 0.12 pg of DNA (Narayan 1998), that the variation takes places, probably, in the non-coding component of the genome which is mainly formed by repetitive DNA (Barakat et al 1997;Flavell et al 1997) and that severa1 molecular mechanisms are known which can be responsible for a decrease or an increase in genome size, like the presence of B-chromosomes or transposable elements (more than 60% of some plant genomes are comprised of transposable elements and mostly their defunct remnants, Bennetzen and Kellogg 1997), it is possible that C-value of an species, although fairly constant, admits certain reasonable degree of variation, and thus may not be strictly constant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome size variation in the Artemisia arborescens complex (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and its cultivars

Garcia¹,

Garnatje²,

Twibell³

et al. 2006

Genome

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Different wild Mediterranean populations of Artemisia arborescens from diverse locations, representing its geographical distribution, as well as some of its well-known cultivars and some specimens cultivated as omamentals in gardens, streets, roads and nurseries, were analysed for genome size estimation. Other closely related species endemic to Macaronesia, A. canariensis, A. argentea and A. gorgonum, were also measured, and their nuclear DNA amount has been related to the biogeography of this group of species. Additionally, five populations of the closely related A. absinthium were analysed to establish comparisons. Measurements, acquired by flow cytometry, ranged from 8.29 pg to 11.61 pg for 2C values. Statistically significant differences of nuclear DNA amounts with respect to factors such as insularity or domestication have been detected. However, a quite low intraspecific genome size variation has been detected in these species. Furthermore, the study also addressed the possible hybrid origins, and possible misidentifications of some of the supposed cultivars ofA. arborescens..

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“…Molecular-level studies of orchardgrass have also been conducted. Numerous types of molecular genetic marker systems have been developed for use in germplasm resources studies of orchardgrass, including amplified fragment length polymorphism markers (Reeves et al, 1998;Peng et al, 2008), random amplified polymorphic DNA markers (Kölliker et al, 1999;Tuna et al, 2004), sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers (Zeng et al, 2008;Scoles et al, 2010), inter-simple sequence repeat markers (Zeng et al, 2006), simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (Xie et al, , 2012Song et al, 2011;Last et al, 2013), and expressed sequence tag-SSR markers (Bushman et al, 2011). These studies have revealed varying levels of molecular genetic diversity depending on the type of molecular marker and the population examined (Mulpuri et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of SCoT-PCR reaction system in Dactylis glomerata by orthogonal design

Zeng¹,

Huang²,

Huang³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. The effects of 5 factors (template DNA, Mg 2+ , dNTPs, Taq DNA polymerase, and primer) on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were investigated to optimize the start codon targeted polymorphism (SCoT)-PCR system of Dactylis glomerata L., using an orthogonal design L 16 (4 5 ). A suitable SCoT-PCR system for D. glomerata was established; the 20 µL reaction volume contained 3.0 mM Mg 2+ , 0.2 mM dNTPs, 1.0 U Taq DNA polymerase, 0.2 µM primer, 20 ng template DNA, and 2 µL 10X buffer. Each factor had a different effect on the amplification reaction, and the concentration of dNTPs had the largest effect on the SCoT-PCR system. We tested 10 orchardgrass samples to determine and verify the stability of the reaction system. The results showed that amplified bands from diverse materials were clear, stable, 3052-3061 (2015) and rich in polymorphisms, indicating that the optimized system was very stable.

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Genome Size is Negatively Correlated with Altitude in Natural Populations ofDactylis glomerata

Cited by 89 publications

References 32 publications

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

Comparative cytogenetic analysis of diploid and hexaploid Chenopodium album Agg

Genome size variation in the Artemisia arborescens complex (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and its cultivars

Optimization of SCoT-PCR reaction system in Dactylis glomerata by orthogonal design

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