Genome size evolution: Within-species variation in genome size

Biémont, Christian

doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.80

Cited by 73 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, considerably more work is required to prove this. Until recently, even the possibility of variation in genome size within species (variation between populations and within individuals, as observed in this study) was hotly debated, but there is now overwhelming evidence to show that variability and plasticity in genome size is common within species [45]. Assuming that within-species differences in genome size are linked to the fitness of the phenotype, as shown here in relation to the feedback adjustment of g c(max) involving guard cell size, then it is possible for natural selection to act on these individuals, i.e.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations

Franks

Leitch

Ruszala

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

107

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In response to short-term fluctuations in atmospheric CO 2 concentration, c a , plants adjust leaf diffusive conductance to CO 2 , g c , via feedback regulation of stomatal aperture as part of a mechanism for optimizing CO 2 uptake with respect to water loss. The operational range of this elaborate control mechanism is determined by the maximum diffusive conductance to CO 2 , g c(max) , which is set by the size (S) and density (number per unit area, D) of stomata on the leaf surface. Here, we show that, in response to long-term exposure to elevated or subambient c a , plants alter g c(max) in the direction of the short-term feedback response of g c to c a via adjustment of S and D. This adaptive feedback response to c a , consistent with long-term optimization of leaf gas exchange, was observed in four species spanning a diverse taxonomic range (the lycophyte Selaginella uncinata, the fern Osmunda regalis and the angiosperms Commelina communis and Vicia faba). Furthermore, using direct observation as well as flow cytometry, we observed correlated increases in S, guard cell nucleus size and average apparent 1C DNA amount in epidermal cell nuclei with increasing c a , suggesting that stomatal and leaf adaptation to c a is linked to genome scaling.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations

Franks

Leitch

Ruszala

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

107

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“…As an example the haploid genome of Acipenser brevirostrum Lesuer, 1818 belonging to one of the most basal orders (Acipenseriformes), is 20 times greater than that found in Arothron meleagris (Anonymous, 1798) which belongs to Tetraodontiformes, the most derived teleost order. Molecular analysis suggests that this reduction is the consequence of loss of repetitive sequences and/or other non-coding DNA sequences (Neafsey & Palumbi, 2003), including satellite DNA, ribosomal genes and transposable elements (TEs) (Biémont, 2008;Fedoroff, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome evolution in fishes: a new challenging proposal from Neotropical species

et al. 2014

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We present a database containing cytogenetic data of Neotropical actinopterygian fishes from Venezuela obtained in a single laboratory for the first time. The results of this study include 103 species belonging to 74 genera assigned to 45 families and 17 out of the 40 teleost orders. In the group of marine fishes, the modal diploid number was 2n=48 represented in 60% of the studied species, while in the freshwater fish group the modal diploid complement was 2n=54, represented in 21.21 % of the studied species. The average number of chromosomes and the mean FN were statistically higher in freshwater fish than in marine fish. The degree of diversification and karyotype variation was also higher in freshwater fish in contrast to a more conserved cytogenetic pattern in marine fish. In contrast to the assumption according to which 48 acrocentric chromosomes was basal chromosome number in fish, data here presented show that there is an obvious trend towards the reduction of the diploid number of chromosomes from values near 2n=60 with high number of biarmed chromosomes in more basal species to 2n=48 acrocentric elements in more derived Actinopterygii.Se presenta una base de datos que contiene los datos citogenéticos de peces Actinopterigios Neotropicales de Venezuela obtenidos por primera vez en un solo laboratorio. Los resultados de este estudio incluyen 103 especies pertenecientes a 74 géneros de 45 familias contenidas en 17 de los 40 órdenes de teleósteos. En el grupo de peces marinos, el número diploide modal fue 2n=48 representado en 60% de las especies estudiadas, mientras que en el grupo de peces de agua dulce el complemento diploide modal fue 2n=54, representado en el 21,21% de las especies estudiadas. El número de cromosomas y FN promedio fueron estadísticamente superiores en peces dulceacuícolas. El grado de diversificación y variación en el cariotipo también fue mayor en peces de agua dulce en contraste con un patrón citogenético más conservado en peces marinos. En contraposición a la suposición según la cual 48 cromosomas acrocentricos era el número cromosómico basal en los peces, los datos aquí presentados muestran que existe una evidente tendencia hacia la reducción del número de cromosomas desde valores cercanos a 2n=60 con alto número de cromosomas birrámeos en las especies más basales a 2n=48 elementos acrocéntricos en los actinopterigios más derivados.

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“…The content of repetitive DNA may have a role in phenotypic features (Meagher and Vassiliadis, 2005;Biemont, 2008). For example, a negative correlation between DNA content and flower and leaf size has been shown in four Silene species (Meagher and Costich, 2004).…”

Section: Accumulation Of Repetitive Dna In Plant Sex Chromosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

et al. 2009

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Eukaryotic genomes contain a large proportion of repetitive DNA sequences, mostly transposable elements (TEs) and tandem repeats. These repetitive sequences often colonize specific chromosomal (Y or W chromosomes, B chromosomes) or subchromosomal (telomeres, centromeres) niches. Sex chromosomes, especially non-recombining regions of the Y chromosome, are subject to different evolutionary forces compared with autosomes. In nonrecombining regions of the Y chromosome repetitive DNA sequences are accumulated, representing a dominant and early process forming the Y chromosome, probably before genes start to degenerate. Here we review the occurrence and role of repetitive DNA in Y chromosome evolution in various species with a focus on dioecious plants. We also discuss the potential link between recombination and transposition in shaping genomes.

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Genome size evolution: Within-species variation in genome size

Cited by 73 publications

References 27 publications

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations

Chromosome evolution in fishes: a new challenging proposal from Neotropical species

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

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Genome size evolution: Within-species variation in genome size

Cited by 73 publications

References 27 publications

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO 2 from glacial to future concentrations

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO 2 from glacial to future concentrations

Chromosome evolution in fishes: a new challenging proposal from Neotropical species

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

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Product

Resources

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Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations

Physiological framework for adaptation of stomata to CO ₂ from glacial to future concentrations