Genome sequencing and protein domain annotations of Korean Hanwoo cattle identify Hanwoo-specific immunity-related and other novel genes

Abstract

BackgroundIdentification of genetic mechanisms and idiosyncrasies at the breed-level can provide valuable information for potential use in evolutionary studies, medical applications, and breeding of selective traits. Here, we analyzed genomic data collected from 136 Korean Native cattle, known as Hanwoo, using advanced statistical methods.ResultsResults revealed Hanwoo-specific protein domains which were largely characterized by immunoglobulin function. Furthermore, domain interactions of novel Hanwoo-specific genes reveal additional links to immunity. Novel Hanwoo-specific genes linked to muscle and other functions were identified, including protein domains with functions related to energy, fat storage, and muscle function that may provide insight into the mechanisms behind Hanwoo cattle’s uniquely high percentage of intramuscular fat and fat marbling.ConclusionThe identification of Hanwoo-specific genes linked to immunity are potentially useful for future medical research and selective breeding. The significant genomic variations identified here can crucially identify genetic novelties that are arising from useful adaptations. These results will allow future researchers to compare and classify breeds, identify important genetic markers, and develop breeding strategies to further improve significant traits.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0623-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Signatures of selection and candidate genes for adaptation to extreme environmental factors in the genomes of Turano-Mongolian cattle breeds

“…По мнению авторов, именно отбор по гену RCN2 привел к формированию у ханву устойчивости к вирусу папилломы КРС. Другие авторы использовали данные полногеномного секвенирования для поиска породоспецифических генов у ханву путем анализа прочтений, которые не выравнивались на референсный геном (CaetanoAnolles et al, 2018). Оказалось, что значительное число белковых доменов этих генов ассоциировано с функцией иммуноглобули нов и они потенциально могут взаимодействовать с доменами других белков иммунной системы.…”