Genome sequence of Coxiella burnetii strain Namibia

Walter, Mathias C.; Öhrman, Caroline; Myrtennäs, Kerstin; Sjödin, Andreas; Byström, Mona; Larsson, Pär; Macellaro, Anna; Forsman, Mats; Frangoulidis, Dimitrios

doi:10.1186/1944-3277-9-22

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Interestingly, also lactate showed some minor 13 C-enrichment in the experiment with labeled serine (Figure 2A ). However, enzymes responsible for lactate biosynthesis from pyruvate seem not to be present in C. burnetii based on the genome sequence (Seshadri et al, 2003 ; Walter et al, 2014 ). Hypothetically, lactate could be produced from methylglyoxal due to detoxification reactions in this pathogen (Figure S2 , for more details, see also below).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Otherwise, enzymes for the glyoxylate pathway have not been identified until now, indicating that Coxiella does not use fatty acids for energy generation in contrast to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Schnappinger et al, 2003 ; Seshadri et al, 2003 ), although a putative transporter for long chain fatty acids (CBU1242) was assigned in the genome of C. burnetii (Kuley et al, 2015 ). Notably, the shikimate/chorismate pathway is also evident from the genome sequence although some late steps leading to the aromatic amino acids appear to be missing (Seshadri et al, 2003 ; Walter et al, 2014 ) (Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple Substrate Usage of Coxiella burnetii to Feed a Bipartite Metabolic Network

Häuslein

Cantet

Reschke

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The human pathogen Coxiella burnetii causes Q-fever and is classified as a category B bio-weapon. Exploiting the development of the axenic growth medium ACCM-2, we have now used 13C-labeling experiments and isotopolog profiling to investigate the highly diverse metabolic network of C. burnetii. To this aim, C. burnetii RSA 439 NMII was cultured in ACCM-2 containing 5 mM of either [U-13C3]serine, [U-13C6]glucose, or [U-13C3]glycerol until the late-logarithmic phase. GC/MS-based isotopolog profiling of protein-derived amino acids, methanol-soluble polar metabolites, fatty acids, and cell wall components (e.g., diaminopimelate and sugars) from the labeled bacteria revealed differential incorporation rates and isotopolog profiles. These data served to decipher the diverse usages of the labeled substrates and the relative carbon fluxes into the core metabolism of the pathogen. Whereas, de novo biosynthesis from any of these substrates could not be found for histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, proline and valine, the other amino acids and metabolites under study acquired 13C-label at specific rates depending on the nature of the tracer compound. Glucose was directly used for cell wall biosynthesis, but was also converted into pyruvate (and its downstream metabolites) through the glycolytic pathway or into erythrose 4-phosphate (e.g., for the biosynthesis of tyrosine) via the non-oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Glycerol efficiently served as a gluconeogenetic substrate and could also be used via phosphoenolpyruvate and diaminopimelate as a major carbon source for cell wall biosynthesis. In contrast, exogenous serine was mainly utilized in downstream metabolic processes, e.g., via acetyl-CoA in a complete citrate cycle with fluxes in the oxidative direction and as a carbon feed for fatty acid biosynthesis. In summary, the data reflect multiple and differential substrate usages by C. burnetii in a bipartite-type metabolic network, resembling the overall topology of the related pathogen Legionella pneumophila. These strategies could benefit the metabolic capacities of the pathogens also as a trait to adapt for replication under intracellular conditions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Substrate Usage of Coxiella burnetii to Feed a Bipartite Metabolic Network

Häuslein

Cantet

Reschke

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…The sequenced reads were then de novo assembled using SPAdes [ 47 ] version 3.13. Finally, the contigs were polished using Pilon version 1.23 [ 48 ] in order to determine the number of IS 1111 elements, blastn of the BLAST + package [ 49 ] was used to align the conserved IS 1111 insertion sequence against the assembled contigs. All contig ends aligning to the IS 1111 insertion sequence were counted half; contigs fully covered by the insertion sequence were ignored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Coxiella burnetii Excretion between Sheep and Goats Naturally Infected with One Cattle-Associated Genotype

et al. 2020

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The main reservoir of Coxiella (C.) burnetii are ruminants. They shed the pathogen through birth products, vaginal mucus, faeces and milk. A direct comparison of C. burnetii excretions between naturally infected sheep and goats was performed on the same farm to investigate species-specific differences. The animals were vaccinated with an inactivated C. burnetii phase I vaccine at the beginning of the study period for public health reasons. Vaginal and rectal swabs along with milk specimens were taken monthly during the lambing period and once again at the next lambing season. To estimate the environmental contamination of the animals’ housings, nasal swabs from every animal were taken simultaneously. Moreover, dust samples from the windowsills and straw beddings were collected. All samples were examined by qPCR targeting the IS1111 gene and the MLVA/VNTR typing method was performed. Whole genome sequencing was applied to determine the number of IS1111 copies followed by a calculation of C. burnetii genome equivalents of each sample. The cattle-associated genotype C7 was detected containing 29 IS1111 copies. Overall, goats seem to shed more C. burnetii through vaginal mucus and in particular shed more and for longer via the rectal route than sheep. This is supported by the larger quantities of C. burnetii DNA detected in caprine nasal swabs and environmental samples compared to the ovine ones. Transmission of C. burnetii from cattle to small ruminants must also be considered.

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“…Since 2003, six new whole genomes of C. burnetii have become available in GenBank (142)(143)(144). Sixteen incomplete genomes can also be found (27,47,(145)(146)(147)(148)(149)(150). In 2009, Beare et al performed a comparative genomic analysis of four strains and found a total of 125 pseudogenes, of which 65 were highly conserved, and 8 IS families (142).…”

Section: Comparative Genomics and Pangenomic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change

et al. 2017

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Coxiella burnetii is the agent of Q fever, or "query fever," a zoonosis first described in Australia in 1937. Since this first description, knowledge about this pathogen and its associated infections has increased dramatically. We review here all the progress made over the last 20 years on this topic. C. burnetii is classically a strict intracellular, Gram-negative bacterium. However, a major step in the characterization of this pathogen was achieved by the establishment of its axenic culture. C. burnetii infects a wide range of animals, from arthropods to humans. The genetic determinants of virulence are now better known, thanks to the achievement of determining the genome sequences of several strains of this species and comparative genomic analyses. Q fever can be found worldwide, but the epidemiological features of this disease vary according to the geographic area considered, including situations where it is endemic or hyperendemic, and the occurrence of large epidemic outbreaks. In recent years, a major breakthrough in the understanding of the natural history of human infection with C. burnetii was the breaking of the old dichotomy between "acute" and "chronic" Q fever. The clinical presentation of C. burnetii infection depends on both the virulence of the infecting C. burnetii strain and specific risks factors in the infected patient. Moreover, no persistent infection can exist without a focus of infection. This paradigm change should allow better diagnosis and management of primary infection and long-term complications in patients with C. burnetii infection.

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Genome sequence of Coxiella burnetii strain Namibia

Cited by 14 publications

References 77 publications

Multiple Substrate Usage of Coxiella burnetii to Feed a Bipartite Metabolic Network

Multiple Substrate Usage of Coxiella burnetii to Feed a Bipartite Metabolic Network

Comparison of Coxiella burnetii Excretion between Sheep and Goats Naturally Infected with One Cattle-Associated Genotype

From Q Fever to Coxiella burnetii Infection: a Paradigm Change

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