Genome sequence of a chimpanzee herpesvirus and its relation to other primate alphaherpesviruses

Severini, Alberto; Tyler, Shaun; Peters, Geoffrey A.; Black, Darla H.; Eberle, R.

doi:10.1007/s00705-013-1666-y

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We used consensus sequences to generate a whole genome alignment that also included the sequences from all georeferenced simplexvirus genomes determined from hominine hosts, i.e., HSV-1, HSV-2, and the only sequence derived from a chimpanzee (chimpanzee alpha-1 herpesvirus, ChHV; Severini et al 2013), as well as the sequence of the cercopithecine herpesvirus 2 (Tyler et al 2005) (supplementary table S1, Supplementary Material online, p. 2–5). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Recombination Events between Human Herpes Simplex Viruses

Burrel

Boutolleau

Ryu

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are seen as close relatives but also unambiguously considered as evolutionary independent units. Here, we sequenced the genomes of 18 HSV-2 isolates characterized by divergent UL30 gene sequences to further elucidate the evolutionary history of this virus. Surprisingly, genome-wide recombination analyses showed that all HSV-2 genomes sequenced to date contain HSV-1 fragments. Using phylogenomic analyses, we could also show that two main HSV-2 lineages exist. One lineage is mostly restricted to subSaharan Africa whereas the other has reached a global distribution. Interestingly, only the worldwide lineage is characterized by ancient recombination events with HSV-1. Our findings highlight the complexity of HSV-2 evolution, a virus of putative zoonotic origin which later recombined with its human-adapted relative. They also suggest that coinfections with HSV-1 and 2 may have genomic and potentially functional consequences and should therefore be monitored more closely.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Recombination Events between Human Herpes Simplex Viruses

Burrel

Boutolleau

Ryu

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Analysis of the genome of a chimpanzee herpesvirus (ChHV) isolated in 2004 showed that HSV-2 was more closely related to ChHV than to HSV-1 (13,14). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that HSV-2 might be the original human herpes simplex virus (14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Geographically Diverse Clinical Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Newman

Lamers²,

Weiner

et al. 2015

J Virol

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), the principal causative agent of recurrent genital herpes, is a highly prevalent viral infection worldwide. Limited information is available on the amount of genomic DNA variation between HSV-2 strains because only two genomes have been determined, the HG52 laboratory strain and the newly sequenced SD90e low-passage-number clinical isolate strain, each from a different geographical area. In this study, we report the nearly complete genome sequences of 34 HSV-2 lowpassage-number and laboratory strains, 14 of which were collected in Uganda, 1 in South Africa, 11 in the United States, and 8 in Japan. Our analyses of these genomes demonstrated remarkable sequence conservation, regardless of geographic origin, with the maximum nucleotide divergence between strains being 0.4% across the genome. In contrast, prior studies indicated that HSV-1 genomes exhibit more sequence diversity, as well as geographical clustering. Additionally, unlike HSV-1, little viral recombination between HSV-2 strains could be substantiated. These results are interpreted in light of HSV-2 evolution, epidemiology, and pathogenesis. Finally, the newly generated sequences more closely resemble the low-passage-number SD90e than HG52, supporting the use of the former as the new reference genome of HSV-2. IMPORTANCEHerpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a causative agent of genital and neonatal herpes. Therefore, knowledge of its DNA genome and genetic variability is central to preventing and treating genital herpes. However, only two full-length HSV-2 genomes have been reported. In this study, we sequenced 34 additional HSV-2 low-passage-number and laboratory viral genomes and initiated analysis of the genetic diversity of HSV-2 strains from around the world. The analysis of these genomes will facilitate research aimed at vaccine development, diagnosis, and the evaluation of clinical manifestations and transmission of HSV-2. This information will also contribute to our understanding of HSV evolution. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) are two closely related human species of herpesviruses in the genus Simplexvirus of the family Herpesviridae (1). HSV-1 is mostly associated with orofacial infections, while HSV-2 is generally associated with genital herpes. Both viruses cause significant human disease, so knowledge of the structure of their DNA genomes and the extent of their genetic variation is very important. A high overall GC content and the presence of highly reiterated repeat regions in both noncoding and coding portions of the genome complicate sequence determination (2).The HSV linear double-stranded DNA genomes consist of two covalent linked components, the long (L) and short (S) components, which invert relative to each other by intramolecular recombination (1). The L component consists of unique sequences (U L ) bounded by inverted repeats (R L and R L =), and the S component consists of unique sequences (U S ) bounded by inverted repeats (R S and R S =) (3). The termini con...

show abstract

“…Phylogenetic analysis has shown that HSV-2 is more closely related to chimpanzee herpesvirus 1 (ChHV-1) than to HSV-1 (17,18). Until recently, only one genomic HSV-2 sequence of a clinical isolate had been available, but another was made available recently (19,20).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic, Phylogenetic, and Recombinational Characterization of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Strains

Kolb

Larsen

Cuellar

et al. 2015

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) is a major global pathogen, infecting 16% of people 15 to 49 years old worldwide and causing recurrent genital ulcers. Little is known about viral factors contributing to virulence, and there are currently only two genomic sequences available. In this study, we determined nearly complete genomic sequences of six additional HSV-2 isolates, using Illumina MiSeq. We report that HSV-2 has a genomic overall mean distance of 0.2355%, which is less than that of HSV-1. There were approximately 100 amino-acid-encoding and indels per genome. Microsatellite mapping found a bias toward intergenic regions in the nonconserved microsatellites and a genic bias in all detected tandem repeats. Extensive recombination between the HSV-2 strains was also strongly implied. This was the first study to analyze multiple HSV-2 sequences, and the data will be valuable in future evolutionary, virulence, and structure-function studies. IMPORTANCEHSV-2 is a significant worldwide pathogen, causing recurrent genital ulcers. Here we present six nearly complete HSV-2 genomic sequences, and, with the addition of two previously sequenced strains, for the first time genomic, phylogenetic, and recombination analysis was performed on multiple HSV-2 genomes. Our results show that microsatellite mapping found a bias toward intergenic regions in the nonconserved microsatellites and a genic bias in all detected tandem repeats and confirm that chimpanzee herpesvirus 1 (ChHV-1) is a separate species and that each of the HSV-2 strains is a genomic mosaic.

show abstract

Genome sequence of a chimpanzee herpesvirus and its relation to other primate alphaherpesviruses

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Ancient Recombination Events between Human Herpes Simplex Viruses

Ancient Recombination Events between Human Herpes Simplex Viruses

Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Geographically Diverse Clinical Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus 2

Genomic, Phylogenetic, and Recombinational Characterization of Herpes Simplex Virus 2 Strains

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About