Genome Mining Reveals the Biosynthetic Pathways of Polyhydroxyalkanoate and Ectoines of the Halophilic Strain Salinivibrio proteolyticus M318 Isolated from Fermented Shrimp Paste

The Methods of Digging for “Gold” within the Salt: Characterization of Halophilic Prokaryotes and Identification of Their Valuable Biological Products Using Sequencing and Genome Mining Tools

“…Ectoine is commonly used in the cosmetics industry, but clinical trials are also conducted to indicate its importance in the treatment of eye and respiratory diseases [142][143][144][145]. In silico studies for new microorganisms producing ectoine and hydroxyectoine can be improved by using BGC identification methods like antiSMASH [146][147][148]. Microorganisms identified in this way can be an alternative to those currently used.…”

“…Microorganisms identified in this way can be an alternative to those currently used. They can also combine the production of ectoine with other bioproducts, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) [147]. As an example of this type of co-production Salinivibrio proteolyticus M318 isolated from fermented shrimp paste can be mentioned [147].…”

“…They can also combine the production of ectoine with other bioproducts, such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) [147]. As an example of this type of co-production Salinivibrio proteolyticus M318 isolated from fermented shrimp paste can be mentioned [147]. The authors identified the first strain of Salinivibrio proteolyticus, where the complete pha-CAB and teaABCD operons were present in the genome.…”

Genome analysis of the salt-resistant Paludifilum halophilum DSM 102817T reveals genes involved in flux-tuning of ectoines and unexplored bioactive secondary metabolites

“…The biosynthesis comprises a cascade of three biochemical conversions catalyzed by L-2,4diaminobutyrate transaminase (EctB), L-2,4-diaminobutyrate acetyltransferase (EctA), and ectoine synthase (EctC) (Schwibbert et al 2011). This major biosynthesis pathway of ectoine has been clearly characterized to be a highly conservative cluster across halophile species (Zhao et al 2018;Leon et al 2018 ; Ma et al 2020 ;Van Thuoc et al 2020). Some microorganisms are also able to synthesize a hydroxylated derivative of ectoine, the 5-hydroxyectoine catalyzed by the ectoine hydroxylase (EctD) (Prabhu et al 2004;Garcia-Estepa et al 2006;Höppner et al 2014).…”

“…According to the whole-genome organization of halophilic bacteria such as Halomonas elongata, Salinivibrio proteolyticus, and Chromohalobacter salexigens, the three genes (ectA, ectB, ect C) involved in ectoines biosynthesis from L-ASA are typically organized in an operon ectABC (Schwibbert et al 2011;Van Thuoc et al 2020;Czech et al 2018). The fourth gene ectD, responsible for bioconversion of ectoine to hydroxyectoine, can be part of the ectABC ectoine biosynthetic gene cluster, but it is often found elsewhere in the genome (Widderich et al 2014(Widderich et al , 2016.…”