Genome instability of<i>Chironomus riparius</i>Mg. and<i>Chironomus piger</i>Strenzke (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Hankeln, Thomas; Schmidt, Erwin R.; Michailova, Paraskeva; Sella, Gabriella; White, Kenneth

doi:10.1080/00087114.2007.10797951

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…C. riparius's high propensity for producing aberrations is due to the fact that repetitive DNA is highly interspersed in its genome. Out of 349 breakpoints, 88 (25%) were common breakpoints (Bovero et al 2002;Ilkova et al 2007) and hence were considered "hot spots" for chromosome breakages.…”

Section: Genus Chironomus Meigenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bovero et al (2002) defined as "common" breakpoints those cytological points where a breakage was observed at least twice in larvae of the same or of different populations. Bovero et al (2002) and Ilkova et al (2007) performed in situ hybridization with probes of repetitive DNA clusters (such as Alu, Hinf and the retrotransposon NLRCth1) on the chromosomes of C. riparius and C. piger larvae. They demonstrated that 53% of the common breakpoints they found in larvae living in polluted sediments occurred in chromosomal sites where repetitive DNA clusters are located.…”

Section: The Salivary Gland Polytene Chromosomes Of Chironomids and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chironomids (Diptera) and their salivary gland chromosomes as indicators of trace-metal genotoxicity

Michailova

Sella

Petrova

2012

Italian Journal of Zoology

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The long-term impact of pollution in freshwater aquatic environments can be assessed realistically only if the mutagenic effects of pollutants on organisms inhabiting aquatic biotopes are evaluated. To do this, the larvae of Chironomids (Diptera) can serve as suitable indicators of potential environmental genotoxicity. These larvae exhibit aberrations in their polytene chromosomes, which, when analyzed, indicate an early response to toxicity more efficiently than morphological analysis, up to now the usual technique. Chironomids have excellent salivary gland chromosomes with well-defined bands and permanent somatic pairing, where there are two important regions of active transcription-Balbiani rings (BRs) and Nucleolar organizers (NOR). We have described the responses of different Chironomid species in two situations: in the field and in the laboratory, where we performed Cr, Al, Pb and Cu trace-metal-exposure experiments with Chironomus riparius. In both situations, the genome response consisted in a statistically significant increase in somatic chromosome aberrations and decrease in BR and NOR activity to levels lower than those of larvae under standard conditions. The main chromosome aberrations consisted in inversions, amplifications, deletions and deficiencies. Deletions in the chromosome G in C. riparius transformed it into a pompon-like structure. Chromosome aberrations were not randomly distributed: they occurred mainly in sites with repetitive DNA elements that have a highly interspersed location in the C. riparius genome. Hence C. riparius is the species most likely to produce aberrations and can be used as a model for cost-effective monitoring of the early genomic response to trace metals and other stress agents.

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Section: Genus Chironomus Meigenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Salivary Gland Polytene Chromosomes Of Chironomids and Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chironomids (Diptera) and their salivary gland chromosomes as indicators of trace-metal genotoxicity

Michailova

Sella

Petrova

2012

Italian Journal of Zoology

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“…They are distinguished by DNA organization; C. piger contains lower numbers of repetitive DNA clusters and its genome is 30% smaller than that of C. riparius (Hankeln et al 1994, Michailova et al 2009). From this and other studies (Ilkova et al 2007, Michailova et al 2009) it has been shown that its genome is less sensitive than that of C. riparius. Bovero et al (2002) and Ilkova et al (2013) hypothesized that in C. riparius somatic rearrangements occurred more frequently in the sites of polytene chromosomes rich in repetitive DNA or transposable elements and they called these sites "hot spots".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of long-term contamination by heavy metals on community and genome alterations of Chironomidae (Diptera) in a stream with mine drainage water (southern Poland)

Szarek-Gwiazda

Michailova

Ilkova

et al. 2013

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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This paper reports on studies of the effect of heavy metals on the Chironomidae that inhabit the Matylda stream, which has been contaminated for about 100 years by discharge water from a zinc and lead ore mine. Stream sediment was strongly polluted by Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn. These metals did not affect the Chironomidae community but strongly changed the genome system of the Chironomidae species that inhabited the sediment. The salivary gland chromosomes of six species belonging to the two genera Chironomus and Prodiamesa are analyzed. In all species the somatic index is calculated on the basis of somatic * Corresponding author: szarek@iop.krakow.pl chromosome alterations. Chironomus riparius has the highest numbers of somatic alterations and the highest somatic index -9.67. The smallest chromosome G carries the key structures known as "Balbiani rings", which play an important role in species development. This chromosome is very sensitive in the genome of the most studied species. The high sensitivity of the C. riparius genome is discussed in light of its DNA organization. The results show a high response of the salivary gland chromosomes to heavy metal pollution, and this makes them a valuable indicator in the assessment of water quality and detection of mutagenic agents in the aquatic environment.

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“…Scientific literature review suggested that mutagens which affect the structural integrity of genetic material cause ectopic pairings. Numerous investigation indicated that in polyene chromosomes of different organisms including Chironomus acidophilus, Chironomus riparius and Glyptotendipes salinus exposed to different concentrations of trace metals like Al, Cr, Pb and Cu, incidences of ectopic pairings were there, as expression of abnormal interaction of different mutagens [38][39][40][41] . The incidence of ectopic pairings was dependent on the organization of the genome in the polytene chromosomes of an organism and interspersed repetitive DNA 42 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polytene Chromosome aberrations based Genotoxicity evaluation of Dichlorvos insecticide using Drosophila malenogaster

Lovleen¹,

Kashafi²

2017

IJPTR

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: Present research work deals with evaluation of clastogenic and cytotoxic effects of Dichlorvos using larval salivary gland polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster. Exposure limit, LC 20 , was standardized by considering mortality of second instar larvae exposed to serial dilution of selected insecticide, for 24 hours. Subsequently, third instar larvae were sacrificed for temporary squash preparation of polytene chromosome, along with controls. The structural chromosomal aberration in treated stocks were incidences of ectopic pairings, paracentric inversions, chromatid breaks, chromosomal fusions, asynapses and translocations with respective value 35.7±.10.2 in treated stocks, whereas in control stocks predominant chromosomal aberrations were, paracentric inversions, chromosomal fusions and ectopic pairings with corresponding value 14.5±5.21 . Statistical analysis indicated that Dichlorvos induced significant genotoxicity in exposed larvae in comparison to control.

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Genome instability ofChironomus ripariusMg. andChironomus pigerStrenzke (Diptera, Chironomidae)

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Chironomids (Diptera) and their salivary gland chromosomes as indicators of trace-metal genotoxicity

Chironomids (Diptera) and their salivary gland chromosomes as indicators of trace-metal genotoxicity

The effect of long-term contamination by heavy metals on community and genome alterations of Chironomidae (Diptera) in a stream with mine drainage water (southern Poland)

Polytene Chromosome aberrations based Genotoxicity evaluation of Dichlorvos insecticide using Drosophila malenogaster

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