Genome Editing Strategies to Protect Livestock from Viral Infections

Söllner, Jenny-Helena; Mettenleiter, Thomas C.; Petersen, Björn

doi:10.3390/v13101996

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 143 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…There has been an increasing interest in using miRNAs as biomarkers for various diseases, and it has gained significant attention, especially in the context of managing diseases in farm animals ( 49 ). In farm animal disease management, various effective approaches, such as genome editing ( 50 ), RNA interference ( 51 ), and the selection of animals with genetic traits resistant to diseases ( 52 ), have been used. Moreover, targeting epigenetic markers ( 53 ) and miRNAs ( 54 ) has emerged as promising tools.…”

Section: Micrornas In Farm Animal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs: exploring their role in farm animal disease and mycotoxin challenges

Kappari,

Dasireddy,

Applegate

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key regulators in gene expression and play a crucial role in immune responses, holding a significant promise for diagnosing and managing diseases in farm animals. This review article summarizes current research on the role of miRNAs in various farm animal diseases and mycotoxicosis, highlighting their potential as biomarkers and using them for mitigation strategies. Through an extensive literature review, we focused on the impact of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of several farm animal diseases, including viral and bacterial infections and mycotoxicosis. They regulate gene expression by inducing mRNA deadenylation, decay, or translational inhibition, significantly impacting cellular processes and protein synthesis. The research revealed specific miRNAs associated with the diseases; for instance, gga-miR-M4 is crucial in Marek’s disease, and gga-miR-375 tumor-suppressing function in Avian Leukosis. In swine disease such as Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome (PRRS) and swine influenza, miRNAs like miR-155 and miR-21-3p emerged as key regulatory factors. Additionally, our review highlighted the interaction between miRNAs and mycotoxins, suggesting miRNAs can be used as a biomarker for mycotoxin exposure. For example, alterations in miRNA expression, such as the dysregulation observed in response to Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in chickens, may indicate potential mechanisms for toxin-induced changes in lipid metabolism leading to liver damage. Our findings highlight miRNAs potential for early disease detection and intervention in farm animal disease management, potentially reducing significant economic losses in agriculture. With only a fraction of miRNAs functionally characterized in farm animals, this review underlines more focused research on specific miRNAs altered in distinct diseases, using advanced technologies like CRISPR-Cas9 screening, single-cell sequencing, and integrated multi-omics approaches. Identifying specific miRNA targets offers a novel pathway for early disease detection and the development of mitigation strategies against mycotoxin exposure in farm animals.

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Section: Micrornas In Farm Animal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs: exploring their role in farm animal disease and mycotoxin challenges

Kappari,

Dasireddy,

Applegate

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Another potential application is to modify livestock species that serve as reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens [92]. For example, the use of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology to enhance the immune response of livestock species to pathogens such as avian influenza, avian influenza or bovine tuberculosis reduces the possibility of transmission to humans through the consumption of infected meat.…”

Section: Crispr-cas9 In Modifying Animal Reservoirsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Zoonotic Disease Control in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Review

Adnyana,

Eljatin,

Sudaryati

et al. 2024

JMHT

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The increasing emergence of zoonotic diseases originating from vectors, rodents, mammals, and others has increased the potential for outbreaks of pandemics in the Indonesian territory. Although control and prevention have been implemented, these efforts have not yet revealed a bright spot; therefore, elaboration with advanced CRISPR-Cas9 technology is a way to accelerate efforts to control zoonotic diseases in Indonesia. However, there is limited literature on this topic. This review aims to comprehensively describe, identify, and summarize the application of CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology in zoonotic disease control in Indonesia. Our findings show that CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology offers an innovative approach for zoonotic disease control by targeting disease vectors, modifying animal reservoirs, improving disease surveillance, enhancing vaccine development, and exploring traditional medicine candidates and immunotherapy. The high level of precision, efficiency, and versatility in targeting genomes capable of disrupting, damaging, and disrupting the disease transmission cycle in pathogens makes CRISPR-Cas9 highly effective. However, challenges such as off-target impacts, regulatory complexity, and ethical considerations must be overcome with inter- and multidisciplinary collaboration to promote transparency, equity, and public engagement throughout the process of implementing this technology in the field, especially in Indonesia.

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“…Hence, genomic study using high-throughput sequencing is important to understand the host–pathogen interactions. Sequencing technology has become an important tool for accurate detection and characterization of specific mutations or genes responsible for pathogenicity, immune evasion, vaccine escape, recombination or reassortment, virulence, transmissibility, tissue trophism and replication factors of LSDV [ 21 , 30 , 31 ]. The genome sequence of LSDV can produce information about its geographical origins, spatio-temporal spreading and disease pattern, re-emergence and the nature of infection.…”

Section: Virus Pathology and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identification of specific markers may be used for contact tracing, to identify vaccine candidates, and virus control and prevention policies. The identification of alteration or deletion of a specific marker responsible for viral replication and pathogenicity could be used for vaccine production [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. In addition, the mutation pattern of genomes can be used to uncover potential outbreaks and interlink the existing unrelated outbreaks [ 30 ].…”

Section: Virus Pathology and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Burden of Lumpy Skin Disease, Outbreaks, and Future Challenges

Akther,

Akter,

Sarker

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Lumpy skin disease (LSD), a current global concern, causes economic devastation in livestock industries, with cattle and water buffalo reported to have higher morbidity and lower mortality rates. LSD is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), a member of the Poxviridae family. It is an enzootic, rapidly explorative and sometimes fatal infection, characterized by multiple raised nodules on the skin of infected animals. It was first reported in Zambia in 1929 and is considered endemic in Africa south of the Sahara desert. It has gradually spread beyond Africa into the Middle East, with periodic occurrences in Asian and East European countries. Recently, it has been spreading in most Asian countries including far East Asia and threatens incursion to LSD-free countries. Rapid and accurate diagnostic capabilities, virus identification, vaccine development, vector control, regional and international collaborations and effective biosecurity policies are important for the control, prevention, and eradication of LSD infections. This review critically evaluates the global burden of LSD, the chronological historical outbreaks of LSD, and future directions for collaborative global actions.

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Genome Editing Strategies to Protect Livestock from Viral Infections

Cited by 10 publications

References 143 publications

MicroRNAs: exploring their role in farm animal disease and mycotoxin challenges

MicroRNAs: exploring their role in farm animal disease and mycotoxin challenges

CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing Technology for Zoonotic Disease Control in Indonesia: A Comprehensive Review

Global Burden of Lumpy Skin Disease, Outbreaks, and Future Challenges

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