Genome 10K: A Proposal to Obtain Whole-Genome Sequence for 10 000 Vertebrate Species

Abstract

The human genome project has been recently complemented by whole-genome assessment sequence of 32 mammals and 24 nonmammalian vertebrate species suitable for comparative genomic analyses. Here we anticipate a precipitous drop in costs and increase in sequencing efficiency, with concomitant development of improved annotation technology and, therefore, propose to create a collection of tissue and DNA specimens for 10,000 vertebrate species specifically designated for whole-genome sequencing in the very near future. For this purpose, we, the Genome 10K Community of Scientists (G10KCOS), will assemble and allocate a biospecimen collection of some 16,203 representative vertebrate species spanning evolutionary diversity across living mammals, birds, nonavian reptiles, amphibians, and fishes (ca. 60,000 living species). In this proposal, we present precise counts for these 16,203 individual species with specimens presently tagged and stipulated for DNA sequencing by the G10KCOS. DNA sequencing has ushered in a new era of investigation in the biological sciences, allowing us to embark for the first time on a truly comprehensive study of vertebrate evolution, the results of which will touch nearly every aspect of vertebrate biological enquiry.

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“…The Genome 10K project “to embark for the first time on a truly comprehensive study of vertebrate evolution” [74] whilst exciting and extremely worthy, is of limited use to research communities not studying vertebrates. “Me too” initiatives include the i5K Project to sequence “5000 arthropods of medical, agricultural, industrial, ecological and scientific importance” [75].…”

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“…Today, these technologies have revolutionized NGS genomic research and are used for many applications:whole genome shotgun (WGS) at a population scale [10, 11]: WGS is now increasingly used in translational research such as forensic genetics [12], agrigenomics [13, 14], and clinical diagnosis. The GOLD database shows the dramatic increase in the number of genome sequences available thanks to these new technologies [15],…”

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“…Several consortia are organized to sequence large swaths of the tree of life (e.g. 10,000 thousands vertebrate genomes, 5,000 arthropod genomes) [3, 4], promising a greater diversity of sequenced genomes within the coming years.

Figure 1 Histogram of released genome sequences in NCBI per year. A steady increase can be observed after 2003, with a brutal acceleration after 2010 (data from “ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomes/GENOME_REPORTS/” downloaded November 2013).

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