Genital Trichomonas vaginalis is rare among female attendees at a Sydney metropolitan sexual health clinic

Tilley, Donna M.; Dubedat, Sally; Lowe, Peter N.; Templeton, David J

doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12475

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…No case of trichomoniasis was detected. In contrast, the prevalence of C. trachomatis in the STD attendees was 16%, which is higher than the rates of 3.8-8.6% reported from studies at STD clinics in Western and Northern Europe, the USA and Australia, where women were tested for both T. vaginalis and C. trachomatis (2,4,6,9). This is not surprising, as the prevalence of diagnosed C. trachomatis infections in Iceland for the past 20 years has been among the highest in Europe, or up to 739 cases per 100,000 population (http://www.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…In contrast, the prevalence in Western European countries and Australia appears to be substantially lower, i.e. 0.6-3.6% (4,5). The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection in the Nordic countries in Northern Europe is largely unknown, with the exception of a single NAAT-based study in Sweden, where 1,121 consecutive STD clinic attendees in Örebro demonstrated prevalence rates of 0.16% in women and 0% in men, using the APTIMA TV Assay (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 85%

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Trichomonas vaginalis is Rare Among Women in Iceland

Hilmarsdóttir¹,

Sigmundsdottir²,

Eiriksdottir³

et al. 2017

Acta Derm Venerol

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

mentioning

confidence: 85%

Trichomonas vaginalis is Rare Among Women in Iceland

Hilmarsdóttir¹,

Sigmundsdottir²,

Eiriksdottir³

et al. 2017

Acta Derm Venerol

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“… 15 The low test positivity in their study is likely due to the use of wet mount for T. vaginalis diagnosis, which has a very low sensitivity of 40% to 60% in comparison to culture 23–27 . A 2016 study reported a slightly higher positivity of 0.6% at a public sexual health clinic in Sydney with the use of NAAT (Aptima assay; Hologic Panther system; Hologic) 28 . However, this study had a small sample size of 347 women and used urine samples from some clients, which has a lower sensitivity than a vaginal swab 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…[23][24][25][26][27] A 2016 study reported a slightly higher positivity of 0.6% at a public sexual health clinic in Sydney with the use of NAAT (Aptima assay; Hologic Panther system; Hologic). 28 However, this study had a small sample size of 347 women and used urine samples from some clients, which has a lower sensitivity than a vaginal swab. 26 A 2013 study reported a positivity of 0.7% (95% CI, 0.6%-0.8%) in women from urban areas of southeast Queensland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positivity and Risk Factors for Trichomonas vaginalis Among Women Attending a Sexual Health Clinic in Melbourne, 2006 to 2019

Abraham¹,

Fairley²,

Denham

et al. 2022

Sexual Trans Dis

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Background: Trichomonas vaginalis is not a notifiable disease in Australia in most states, resulting in limited Australian epidemiological studies. This study aimed to examine the positivity of T. vaginalis in women attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) and identify associated factors.Methods: All women 16 years or older who were tested for T. vaginalis at MSHC from 2006 to 2019 were included. The diagnostic method changed from culture to nucleic acid amplification test in August 2018. The annual positivity of T. vaginalis was calculated. Because of the data completeness, we performed a generalized estimating equations multivariable logistic regression using data from 2011 to 2019 to examine factors associated with T. vaginalis positivity. Results:From 2006 to 2019, 69,739 tests for T. vaginalis were conducted, and 294 tested positive (0.42%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.37%-0.47%). Approximately 60% of women tested reported symptoms. After adjusting for potential confounders including the change in diagnostic method, there was a 21% (95% CI, 12%-31%) annual increase in T. vaginalis positivity between 2011 and 2019. Women with concurrent syphilis had the highest odds of testing positive for T. vaginalis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 21.55; 95% CI, 6.96-66.78), followed by women who had injected drugs in the last 12 months (aOR, 6.99; 95% CI,, were 35 years or older (aOR, 3.47; 95% CI,, or had concurrent chlamydia (aOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.05-2.99). Conclusions:The rising positivity of T. vaginalis at MSHC irrespective of change in diagnostic method suggests a concurrent community-wide rise in Melbourne. Given the rising positivity, testing informed by risk factors should be considered.

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“…Study limitations are those inherent to retrospective design: missing clinical data, practice variation, and incomplete follow-up. Testing for trichomonas is not routine in urban Australian gynecologic practices due to low prevalence but in other settings is important to exclude this major differential diagnosis for DIV 27 . Point-of-care microscopy is also not undertaken routinely by Australian gynecologists 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis and Plasma Cell Vulvitis Represent a Spectrum of Hemorrhagic Vestibulovaginitis

Song

Day

Kliman

et al. 2022

J Low Genit Tract Dis

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The aim of the study was to identify whether desquamative inflammatory vaginitis (DIV) and plasma cell vulvitis (PCV) are distinct clinicopathologic entities. Materials and Methods:The pathology database identified biopsies described as "vaginitis" or "vulvitis" occurring in nonkeratinized epithelium or mucocutaneous junction. Exclusions were age less than 18 years, unavailable slides or records, concurrent neoplasia, or histopathology consistent with other entities. Clinical data included demographics, symptoms, examination, microbiology, treatment, and response. Histopathologic review documented site, epithelial thickness and characteristics, infiltrate, and vascular abnormalities. Cases were analyzed according to histopathologic impression of DIVor PCV based on previous pathologic descriptions.Results: There were 36 specimens classified as DIV and 18 as PCV from 51 women with mean age of 51 years; 3 (6%) had concurrent biopsies with both. Pain was more common in PCV, but rates of discharge, itch, and bleeding were comparable. Rates of petechiae or erythema were similar and vaginal examination was abnormal in 72% of PCV cases. All DIV and 33% of PCVoccurred in squamous mucosa; the remaining PCV cases were from mucocutaneous junction. Mean epithelial thickness, rete ridge appearance, exocytosis, and spongiosis were similar in DIV and PCV. Epithelial erosion, wide-diameter lesions, plasma cells, and stromal hemosiderin occurred in both but were more common in PCV. Lymphocyteobscured basal layer, narrow-diameter lesions, hemorrhage, and vascular congestion were seen in both, but more common and marked in DIV.Conclusions: Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis and PCV have overlapping symptoms, signs, and histopathologic features. They may represent a single condition of hemorrhagic vestibulovaginitis with varying manifestations according to location and severity.

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Genital Trichomonas vaginalis is rare among female attendees at a Sydney metropolitan sexual health clinic

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Trichomonas vaginalis is Rare Among Women in Iceland

Trichomonas vaginalis is Rare Among Women in Iceland

Positivity and Risk Factors for Trichomonas vaginalis Among Women Attending a Sexual Health Clinic in Melbourne, 2006 to 2019

Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis and Plasma Cell Vulvitis Represent a Spectrum of Hemorrhagic Vestibulovaginitis

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