Genital mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in cervicovaginal self-collected samples of reproductive-age women: prevalence and risk factors

Silva, Jani; Cerqueira, Fátima; Teixeira, Ana Luísa; Bicho, Maria Clara; Campainha, Rui; Amorim, José de Campos; Medeiros, Rui

doi:10.1177/0956462418774209

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…38 Furthermore, there was no association between infection and age (P = 0.20), as some studies identified a higher risk of infection among women aged under 25 years. 34,36,38,39 We verified an association between the presence of infection and microbial dysbiosis, with a more extensive association between BV and Mh (54.3%) than between BV and Ureaplasma spp. (25.7%), in agreement with other studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…34,35 The association of genital mycoplasma infection with variables such as socio-economic status and behavioural habits, such as as sexual partners and the use of cigarettes, were also considered risk factors in other studies. 34,[36][37][38][39] On the other hand, the ethnicity of the pregnant women was not associated with infection (P = 0.15). 38 Furthermore, there was no association between infection and age (P = 0.20), as some studies identified a higher risk of infection among women aged under 25 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Genital mycoplasma infection and spontaneous preterm birth outcome: a prospective cohort study

Cunha

Bastos

Freitas

et al. 2021

BJOG

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Objective To assess the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) associated with genital mycoplasma infection in asymptomatic women.Design Prospective cohort.Setting Public and private health services in Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.Population A cohort of 1349 asymptomatic women with a singleton pregnancy at 20-25 weeks of gestation.Methods Participants completed a sociodemographic and clinical history questionnaire during the prenatal visit and provided cervicovaginal samples for the evaluation of Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), Ureaplasma spp. and bacterial vaginosis (BV). For gestational outcome, information about the delivery was assessed and sPTB was defined as a birth that occurred before 37 weeks of gestation. The association between variables and the risk of sPTB was evaluated using logistic regression analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs). Main outcome measures Genital mycoplasma infection and prematurity.Results The prevalence of sPTB and genital mycoplasma was 6.8 and 18%, respectively. The infection was not a risk factor for sPTB (aOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.32-1.35), even when Mh and Ureaplasma spp. were found together (P = 0.83). Pregnant women with genital mycoplasma infections had greater BV (P < 0.0001), but this vaginal microbiota condition was not associated with sPTB (P = 0.35). Regarding the risk factors associated with sPTB, a previous history of sPTB (aOR 12.06,) and a cervical length of ≤2.5 cm (aOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.67-9.47) were significant.Conclusions Genital mycoplasma infection was not a risk factor for sPTB, even in the presence of other abnormal vaginal microbiota.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Genital mycoplasma infection and spontaneous preterm birth outcome: a prospective cohort study

Cunha

Bastos

Freitas

et al. 2021

BJOG

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“…The use of intrauterine devices also could lead to higher STIs infection rate [38] . The women using unhygienic method during menstruation were more likely to have STIs symptoms and vaginal discharge [39] . Verteramo et al [6] found that in multi-logistic regression analysis, age (<35 years), intrauterine devices and sexual partners number were significantly associated with UU among 3115 women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Verteramo et al [6] found that in multi-logistic regression analysis, age (<35 years), intrauterine devices and sexual partners number were significantly associated with UU among 3115 women. In Portuguese women of reproductive age (15-44 years), women aged 20-29 years was associated with an increased UU infection risk and lifetime numbers of sexual partners was one of predictors of UU infection [39] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ureaplasma urealyticum and chlamydia trachomatis among general married migrants in three cities of China: a workplace-based study

Li¹,

Zhou²,

Xu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Genital tract infections with ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are the most frequent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The aim of this study is to understand the prevalence of UU and CT among general internal married migrants and to explore some possible influencing factors, so as to provide some evidences for STIs prevention in China. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in three cities of China from March 2016 to February 2017. A total of 3180 internal-married migrants were included. The structured questionnaire survey, gynecological or andrology examination and laboratory detection were conducted by the trained research fellow s. The prevalence of UU and CT was laboratory-confirmed in this study. Results The prevalence of laboratory-confirmed UU and CT were 45.41%, 5.75%, respectively. The co-infection rate was 4.09%. The rates of UU and CT of Shanghai participants (54.01%, 7.35%) were the highest, and the lowest were that of Yinchuan (37.74%, 4.52%). In Urumqi, the prevalence of UU and CT were 44.77%, 5.42%, respectively, but it has the highest co-infection rate. The multiple stepwise logistic regressions found that the prevalence of UU among three cities were different, and the male’s UU infection was lower than that of women (OR=0.71, 95%CI:0.61-0.83), and the 20-34 age group participants had lower UU and CT risk, compared with that of 45-49 age group. Moreover, the white-collar workers had lower risk of UU infection (OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.49-0.83), compared with laborer, and using condom could reduce the UU infection (OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.63-0.87). Compared with urban migrants, the rural participants had higher risk of CT infection (OR=1.68, 95%CI: 1.12-2.52), and sex behavior during menstruation could increase the prevalence of CT (OR=1.49, 95%CI: 1.05-2.11). Conclusion The prevalence of UU and CT were high and the co-infection was also serious among general internal married migrants. More health promotion measures about UU and CT should be taken to help general migrants of China, especially women and those with lower social-economic status (laborers from rural area), risky sexual behaviors such as having sex during menstruation should be warned of and condom-use should be promoted.

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“…O Brasil, que representa 2,2% dos nascimentos mundiais, está na 9º posição dos países com maiores taxas de prematuridade (CHAWANPAIBOON et al, 2019). Estudos indicam que, além das complicações causadas ao neonato, os PPT também estão associados à altos custos aos serviços de saúde e dificuldades psicológicas e financeiras à mãe e familiares (KORVENRANTA et al, 2010;SINGER et al, 1999). Dessa forma, na perspectiva de melhorar o atendimento e a qualidade de vida materna e infantil, é necessário entender melhor a epidemiologia e fatores de risco relacionados ao PPT.…”

Section: 2unclassified

Infecção por micoplasma genital e o desfecho de parto pré-termo: coorte BRISA

Cunha¹

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Introdução: Cerca de 10,6% das gestações apresentam um desfecho de parto pré-termo (PPT), sendo ele a principal causa de mortalidade e morbidade infantil. O fator predominantemente associado a este desfecho adverso é a infecção materna, com destaque à infecção por micoplasmas genitais, como Mycoplasma hominis (Mh) e Ureaplasma spp. Por serem bactérias que constituem naturalmente a microbiota genital a associação entre esses microrganismos e o PPT ainda é controversa. Objetivo: Avaliar, em gestantes de uma coorte prospectiva, a prevalência das infecções por Mh e Uu e a associação desta infecção no desfecho gestacional de PPT. Métodos: Esta coorte constitui parte do projeto BRISA e foi acompanhada em Ribeirão Preto-SP, durante 2010/2011. Foram recrutadas gestantes com 20-25 semanas que realizaram entrevistas para coleta características de base, coleta de sangue para análise de mediadores imunológicos e coleta de amostras cervicovaginais para o diagnóstico de infecção pelo kit Mycoplasma IST 2 (bioMérieux) e escore de Nugent. A associação entre a infecção por Mh/Uu e características sociodemográficas, histórico clínico, disbiose vaginal e desfecho de PPT espontâneo (PPTe) foi investigada através da análise exploratória por Teste Qui-quadrado, seguida por análise de regressão logística univariada e multivariada. Resultados: Foram incluídas 1.349 gestantes e a prevalência de PPT foi de 9,2% (n=124), sendo que 71,8% (n=89) deles foram classificados como espontâneos (PPTe). Para a análise final do estudo foram incluídos apenas os PPTe e os parto termo (PT) (n=1.225), totalizando 1.314 gestantes analisadas. A prevalência de infecção por micoplasma genital foi de 18% (n=236), não sendo encontrada associação entre a infecção e o desfecho de PPTe (ORa 0,66; IC 95% 0,32 -1,35). No entanto, as gestantes com histórico de PPT anterior (ORa 1,16, IC 95% 0,55 -2,44) e comprimento de colo ≤ 2,5 cm (ORa 3,97, IC 95% 1,67 -9,47) apresentaram um risco significativamente maior de terem PPTe. Em relação à infecção, a presença de vaginose bacteriana (VB) foi a variável que mais conferiu risco à este desfecho (OR 5,1; IC 95% 3,28). Conclusão: O risco de PPTe esteve independentemente associado à um histórico de PPT em gestações anteriores e um comprimento de colo ≤ 2cm, mas não à infecção por micoplasma genital.

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Genital mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in cervicovaginal self-collected samples of reproductive-age women: prevalence and risk factors

Cited by 10 publications

References 55 publications

Genital mycoplasma infection and spontaneous preterm birth outcome: a prospective cohort study

Genital mycoplasma infection and spontaneous preterm birth outcome: a prospective cohort study

Ureaplasma urealyticum and chlamydia trachomatis among general married migrants in three cities of China: a workplace-based study

Infecção por micoplasma genital e o desfecho de parto pré-termo: coorte BRISA

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