Genital infection in mares

Ricketts, S. W.; Rossdale, P. D.; Wingfield-Digby, N J; Falk, Nicholas; Hopes, R.; Hunt, Mckenzie; Peace, Charlotte

doi:10.1136/vr.101.3.65

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In a preliminary communication, Ricketts, et al (1977) described studies with field and experimental cases which supported the findings of Platt, et al (1977) and outlined some unusual histopathological features seen in endometrial biopsy specimens. This paper reports, more fully, the histopathological findings in 10 field cases and in 1 experimental case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Endometrial Biopsy Studies of Mares with Contagious Equine Metritis 1977

Ricketts

Rossdale

Samuel

1978

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Light and electron microscopic studies were performed on 10 field cases of contagious equine metritis 1977 and on one experimentally infected pony mare. These techniques were helpful in diagnosis before bacteriological confirmation was available. The histopathological features included the proliferation of luminal epithelial cells as early as 2 days after infection. Intercellular vacuolation of the basal region of the luminal epithelium occurred from 2 days after infection and remained recognisable for up to 37 days. Stromal mononuclear cell infiltrations, including many plasma cells, were seen from 2 days after infection. Stromal neutrophilic leucocyte infiltrations were very marked at 24 hours, but rapidly subsided despite the continued presence of the organism. These features were contrasted with those previously seen in the majority of cases of acute bacterial endometritis and some normal and artefactual changes commonly seen in biopsy specimens. The electron microscopic studies confirmed the presence of epithelial cell proliferation and intercellular vacuolation. The examination of post‐treatment specimens taken from 9 of the mares suggested a varied response, with evidence of stromal mononuclear cell infiltration and basal luminal epithelial vacuolation remaining. The absence of histological evidence of acute endometritis in the presence of the causative organism, suggests a true carrier state. RÉSUMÉ On a étudié au microscope et au microscope électronique des cas cliniques de métrite équine contagieuse 1977 et un cas faisant suite à une infection expérimentale. Les études portant sur l'endomètre se révélèrent utiles pour le diagnostic avant qu'on puisse obtenir le diagnostic bactériologique. Les caractères histopathologiques comportent une prolifération des cellules épithéliales dès le deuxième jour suivant l'infection, une vacuolisation intercellulaire basale de l'épithélium à compter du second jour suivant l'infection et pouvant être identifiée jusqu'au 37ème jour. On observa également une infiltration du stroma par des cellules mononuclées à compter du second jour suivant l'infection, des infiltrations leucocytaires neutrophiles du stroma dès les 24 heures suivant l'infection, ces dernières régressant rapidement malgré la persistance de l'organisme pathogène. Ces faits sont différents de ceux constatés antérieurement dans la plupart des cas de métrite aigue bactérienne et de ceux provoqués par des variations normales ou par des artefacts. Les recherches à l'aide du microscope électronique confirmèrent la présence d'une dégénérescence de l'endomètre et d'une vacuolisation intercellulaire. L'examen des biopsies prélevées après traitement sur 9 des poulinières montra des images variées avec persistance de l'infiltration mononucléaire du stroma et de la vacuolisation des cellules basales. L'absence de preuve histologique de métrite aigue malgré la présence de l'agent causal dans certains cas donne à penser qu'il existe de vrais porteurs sains. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Bei 10 Spontanfällen von CEM 77 und eine...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The remaining 5 mares had been mated by stallions which were known to have covered mares showing clinical, cytological and bacteriological evidence of the disease (Table I). Specimens were also collected from a pony mare which had been infected under experimental conditions (Ricketts, et al, 1977).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endometrial Biopsy Studies of Mares with Contagious Equine Metritis 1977

Ricketts

Rossdale

Samuel

1978

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…INTRODUCTION THE isolation of a fastidious, microaerophilic, Gram-negative coccobacillus from a series of field cases of contagious metritis (CEM) has been previously reported (Platt, er a/., 1977;Timoney, Ward and Kelly, 1977), and a similar organism has been recovered from a mare experimentally infected with vaginal discharge from a field case (Ricketts, et a/., 1977). The characteristics and taxonomic status of this hitherto unrecognised organism are described in detail elsewhere (Taylor, et a/., 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Experimental Infection of Ponies with Contagious Equine Metritis

Platt

Atherton

Simpson

1978

Equine Veterinary Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY Four pony mares were readily infected with the organism of contagious equine metritis by intracervical inoculation and one by coitus with an infected stallion. Infected mares developed an acute endometritis with local destruction of the endometrial epithelium. In 2 experimentally infected mares, infection appeared to have been spontaneously eliminated from the genital tract within 3 to 4 weeks. A third mare however remained persistently infected in the clitoral fossa over a long period and was a symptomless carrier. Four pony stallions were readily infected in the urethral fossa and the organism survived for varying periods without giving rise to any signs of infection. From 2 of these animals it appeared eventually to have been eliminated spontaneously. An experimentally infected stallion transmitted infection to a healthy mare by coitus. Bacteriological examination of infected pony stallions may occasionally give false negative results and fail to reveal the organism in the external genitalia. Repeated bacteriological examinations need to be undertaken before it can be concluded that a stallion is free of infection. RÉSUMÉ Cinq poneys femelles ont été infectées avec l'agent de la métrite contagieuse équine 1977, par inoculation cervicielle. Les juments infectées ont montré une endométrite aigue avec destruction locale de l'épithélium utérin. Deux des juments infectées furent spontanément guéries en trois ou quatre semaines. Une troisième jument demeura infectée durant une longue période au niveau de la fosse clitoridienne et se révéla être un porteur asymptomatique. Quatre poneys mâles furent infectés au niveau de la fosse urétrale et l'organisme pathogène y survécu durant des périodes variables sans provoquer aucun signe d'infection clinique. II semble que deux de ces étalons aient éliminé spontanément l'agent pathogène. L'un des étalons infecté expérimentalement transmit la maladie à une jument saine, lors d'un coit. Le controle bactériologique des étalons infectés donna parfois des résultats négatifs, ne permettant point de constater la présence de la bactérie au niveau du tractus génital externe. Des examens bactériologiques répétés sont nécessaires avant de conclure à la non contamination d'un étalon. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Fünf Ponystuten konnten leicht mit dem Erreger der CEM durch intracervicale Inokulation infiziert werden. Infizierte Stuten entwickelten eine akute Endometritis mit lokaler Zerstörung des Epithels. Zwei infizierte Stuten schienen die Infektion innert 3–4 Wochen spontan überwunden zu haben. Eine dritte Stute dagegen blieb während langer Zeit infiziert (Klitorisgrube) und wurde zum symptomfreien Träger. Vier Ponyhengste konnten in der Fossa urethralis ohne Schwierigkeiten infiziert werden; der Keim überlebte während unterschiedlicher Zeit, ohne zu klinischen Anzeichen einer Infektion Anlass zu geben. Zwei der Hengste schienen die Infektion spontan eliminiert zu haben. Ein experimentell infizierter Hengst übertrug die Infektion durch den Koitus auf eine gesunde Stute. Die bakteriologische...

show abstract

“…Contagious equine metritis (CeM) is a highly contagious venereal disease caused by the bacterium Taylorella equigenitalis, a capnophilic, non-motile, small Gram-negative rod or pleomorphic coccobacillus (PLatt et al, 1977;rICkettS et al, 1977). the disease was first described in the United Kingdom in 1977(CrOWhUrSt, 1977PLatt and athertON, 1977;tIMONeY et al, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Taylorella equigenitalis and Taylorella asinigenitalis in horses in Croatia as a result of small scale survey

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contagious equine metritis (CeM) is a highly contagious venereal disease caused by the bacterium Taylorella equigenitalis. In Croatia, horses are almost never tested for this disease unless it is specifically requested. to date, no positive bacteriology results for T. equigenitalis have ever been obtained in Croatia. During 2014 and 2015, 12 animals were screened for T. equigenitalis using both bacteriology and a polymerase chain reaction (PCr) test. No positive cultures were obtained, however, samples from three animals tested positive on PCr. Sequencing of the PCr products revealed that one animal was positive for T. equigenitalis and two animals for T. asinigenitalis. These results represent the first evidence of T. equigenitalis and T. asinigenitalis infections in horses in Croatia. the high prevalence of T. equigenitalis and T. asinigenitalis positive horses (n = 3) in the population tested (n = 12) strongly suggests that the overall prevalence of horses positive for Taylorella spp. in Croatia is high, and that the equine population, especially those animals used for breeding, should be regularly tested for this bacterium. In addition, these results show the low sensitivity of using culture alone and that additional molecular methods should be utilised to identify positive cases of Taylorella spp.

show abstract

Genital infection in mares

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Endometrial Biopsy Studies of Mares with Contagious Equine Metritis 1977

Endometrial Biopsy Studies of Mares with Contagious Equine Metritis 1977

The Experimental Infection of Ponies with Contagious Equine Metritis

Detection of Taylorella equigenitalis and Taylorella asinigenitalis in horses in Croatia as a result of small scale survey

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About