Genistein supplementation improves some cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Purpose Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a worldwide health problem. Blood pressure (BP) and inflammation are well-established risk factors for the cardiovascular complications of T2DM. Genistein is known to improve endothelial dysfunction. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of genistein supplementation on BP, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) levels in postmenopausal women with T2DM. Design/methodology/approach This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is conducted on postmenopausal women with T2DM. A total of 54 subjects aged between 47 and 69 years are divided into two groups. Participants in the genistein group (n = 28) are given two genistein capsules (each capsule contained 54 mg genistein) and those in the placebo group (n = 26) received two placebo capsules (each capsule contained 54 mg maltodextrin) daily for 12 weeks. General characteristics, BP, hs-CRP and Hcy levels are measured at the baseline and at the end of the trial. Findings Genistein supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in systolic BP (SBP) (p < 0.001), diastolic BP (DBP) (p = 0.020), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (p < 0.001), serum levels of hs-CRP (p = 0.005) and Hcy (p = 0.001) in genistein group compared with placebo group at the end of the study. Significant decreases are also found in SBP by 5.4%, p < 0.001, DBP by 6.7%, p < 0.001, MAP by 6.2%, p < 0.001, serum levels of hs-CRP by 47.0%, p = 0.015 and Hcy by 18.4%, p < 0.001 in the genistein supplemented group. No significant changes are observed in terms of all post-intervention values in the placebo group. Originality/value Genistein administration improved BP, hs-CRP and Hcy levels in postmenopausal women with T2DM and may be useful in control of some CVD risk factors in these subjects.

Genistein Enhances the Promoting Effects of Exercise on Anti-Oxidant and Anti- Inflammation Balance and Cardiomyopathy in the Ovariectomized Diabetic Rat

“…In Moreover, in a previous study, we reported that miRNA-133 and Bcl-2 downregulated in the heart of OD rats compared to the sham group (Habibi et al 2016b). Although, Braxas et al reported the improving effect of genistein on some cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal women with Type 2 diabetes (Braxas et al 2020), the effect of genistein on the expression of miRNA-133 and its targets genes in the heart of diabetic ovariectomized rats had not been studied. Our result showed that genistein restored diabetes-induced reduction in heart miRNA-133 and Bcl-2 expression.…”