Genistein alleviates chronic vascular inflammatory response via the miR‑21/NF‑κB p65 axis in lipopolysaccharide‑treated mice

Metabolomics as a Tool to Study Underused Soy Parts: In Search of Bioactive Compounds

“…Daidzin, which is a glyco-conjugate form of daidzein, presented therapeutic properties against multiple myeloma and epilepsy [113,114]. Bioactivity studies regarding the other aforementioned compounds also found properties against chronic vascular inflammation, human gastric cancer, breast cancer, and degenerative joint diseases [115][116][117]. Biochanin A, coumestrol, glyceollin, medicarpin, and ononin are more examples of widely known bioactive isoflavonoids which are found in different soy organs (see Table 1 for a summary) [118][119][120][121][122].…”

Genistein promotes M1 macrophage apoptosis and reduces inflammatory response by disrupting miR-21/TIPE2 pathway

“…2 C). Our previous studies showed that genistein alleviates chronic cardiovascular inflammatory response through miR‑21/NF‑κB p65 axis in LPS‑treated mice ( Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ). After combining the microarray data and previously reported results, we mainly focused on miR-21 for further study of the mechanism by which genistein protects blood vessels.…”

“…Ctrol group: fed a normal diet; LPS group: fed a high-fat diet and treated with LPS (2 mg/kg·2d, intraperitoneal injection, Solarbio, China); LPS + genistein group: fed a high-fat diet and treated with LPS (2 mg/kg·2d, intraperitoneal injection) and genistein (10 mg/kg·d, intragastric administration, Winherb, China). Drug treatment was determined by referencing previous studies ( Kim et al, 2011 , Cong et al, 2021a , Cong et al, 2021b , Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ). After 20 weeks, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), aortas and peritoneal macrophages (PMφs) were harvested ( Wolfson et al, 2017 , Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ).…”

“…Drug treatment was determined by referencing previous studies ( Kim et al, 2011 , Cong et al, 2021a , Cong et al, 2021b , Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ). After 20 weeks, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), aortas and peritoneal macrophages (PMφs) were harvested ( Wolfson et al, 2017 , Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ). All procedures strictly agreed with National Institutes of Health guidelines for care and use of laboratory animals and were approved by Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University.…”

“…Jiang et al found that genistein reduced apoptosis and inflammation via TLR4/NF-κB pathway in rats and BV2 microglia cells ( Jiang et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, our previous studies indicated that genistein inhibits chronic cardiovascular inflammation in mice via miR‑21/NF‑κB p65 pathway ( Xie et al, 2021a , Xie et al, 2021b ). Overall, these findings suggest that genistein exhibits epigenetic modulation characteristics in macrophage apoptosis and inflammation by dominating miR-21, but the detailed mechanism remains elusive.…”