Genipin-Crosslinked Gelatin/Chitosan-Based Functional Films Incorporated with Rosemary Essential Oil and Quercetin

Abstract

Functional food packaging films were prepared using a binary mixture of chitosan and gelatin through crosslinking with genipin and hybridization with rosemary essential oil and quercetin. The mixture of chitosan and gelatin produced the compatible film, and the added fillers also showed good compatibility. The physical properties of the chitosan/gelatin film were not greatly affected by crosslinking with genipin, and the functionality of the composite film was increased by the addition of rosemary essential oil and quercetin. The bioactive additives did not significantly affect the hydrophobicity and water vapor barrier properties of the chitosan/gelatin film but significantly changed the color, while the mechanical and thermal properties were slightly affected. The addition of these functional fillers significantly improved the UV protection, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the chitosan/gelatin film. Therefore, the novel chitosan/gelatin film with genipin crosslinking and the integration of rosemary essential oil and quercetin is considered to have high potential for applications in active food packaging.

Current Advancements in Pectin: Extraction, Properties and Multifunctional Applications

“…Plasticizers should have a low vapor pressure and low diffusion rate, and should be compatible with the polymer. Usually, blend films are prepared by incorporating pectin with other polysaccharides or protein for various purposes, and are specially employed in food packaging [ 184 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 ]. The common method of film fabrication involves casting from solvent and extrusion/blending.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Biodegradable Polymer-Based Films and Coatings and Their Food Packaging Applications

“…Chitosan is a nontoxic polymer consisting of antifungal, anti-allergenic, antimicrobial, and anti-tumor properties. Due to its properties such as selective gas permeability (only for CO 2 and O 2 ), good mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability it is environmentally friendly and is considered a good film-forming material [ 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 ]. Due to its ability to regulate gas permeability, edible chitosan coatings are applied to the surface of fruits and vegetables to reduce their respiration rate [ 102 ].…”

Edible Origami Actuators Using Gelatin-Based Bioplastics

“…Extracted fromGardenia jasminoides, genipin is approved for consumption by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a food colorant, and genipin is both biocompatible and 10,000 times less cytotoxic than glutaraldehyde. , Genipin has been used extensively as a crosslinker for biopolymers such as gelatin. Genipin-crosslinked gelatin, termed gelapin, has been used as a tissue engineering scaffold and a drug delivery matrix. − While the chemical, physical, and optical properties of gelapin films have also been characterized, the parameter space for the mechanical properties of gelapin-based structures at the device scale has been under-reported. , …”

“…26−28 While the chemical, physical, and optical properties of gelapin films have also been characterized, the parameter space for the mechanical properties of gelapin-based structures at the device scale has been under-reported. 29,30 Here, we describe a plasticized gelapin bioplastic, which is amenable to many material processing techniques to create hydration-responsive actuators. Programmable hydrophilic substrates of this nature have previously been reported with basic locomotion and gripping functions with a limited number of linkages.…”