“…GAE has been shown to be less expensive than cyclooxygenase-2-selective drugs and hyaluronic acid injections, but more costly in comparison with oral NSAIDs 51,55 . The estimated cost of GAE is approximately $3,095.75, which can vary depending on the embolizing agents used 56,57 . While nonsurgical methods, including NSAIDs, cost between $494 and $684 per year 58,59 , surgical treatments, such as TKA, cost an average of $20,293 58 .…”