Geneva Appraisal Questionnaire--German Version-Modified

Vigilance and social chills with music: Evidence for two types of musical chills.

“…It has been theorised that awe, being moved and chills reflect a similar underlying experience, varying in terms of intensity (Konečni, 2005), although these relationships have yet to be explicitly explored. Indeed, recent work has approached awe as a collective emotion, serving to diminish a sense of self and facilitate assimilation and oneness with broader social systems (Spears et al, 2011); these social underpinnings appear comparable to being moved and kama muta concepts (Fiske et al, 2017;Menninghaus et al, 2015). However, whilst there is a degree of overlap, there are three reasons to frame awe and being moved as separable experiences.…”

“…For Glósóli, an animated film called The OceanMaker was used; for Behind the Door, an excerpt from the film Storks was used; both animations were edited to fit the scenes with the m usical structure. These animations represent positively (reunion after separation) or negatively moving (self-sacrifice for the greater good) scenarios linked to being moved , and these moments were synchronised with key moments of contrast within the music; both joyfully and sadly moving scenarios were depicted in the social conditions to fully encapsulate current conceptualisations of being moved (Menninghaus et al, 2015;Tokaji, 2003). Descriptions and sources for these animations are provided in the Supplementary Material.…”

“…For awe and being moved, responses were averaged for each stimulus, across 13 items from the AWE-S, and 11 items from the KAMMUS-2. As both instruments have recently been developed independently, it was unclear how rating patterns for both would be compared; in an early diagnosis, a principal components analysis of the subjective feeling scales (see the Supplementary Material) reported that both instruments showed reasonable separation given some conceptual overlaps between the two states (Fiske et al, 2017;Konečni, 2005;Menninghaus et al, 2015;Piff et al, 2015;Preston & Shin, 2017;Spears et al, 2011;Stellar et al, 2018), but the distribution of awe scores was generally higher compared to being moved, suggesting a different behavioural range of reporting. To allow for more intuitive comparisons across 13 awe items and 11 being moved items, AWE-S and KAMMUS-2 average ratings were normalised within each instrument, across participants; the same procedure was performed for EQ and SQ-R data, accommodating different scoring totals.…”

“…The current experiment assessed vigilance and social chills as separable experiences based on various factors, but there are notable overlaps that will need to be examined further. For example, there is the conceptual overlap of awe and kama muta as two emotional states linked to prosocial processing (Fiske et al, 2017;Konečni, 2005;Menninghaus et al, 2015;Piff et al, 2015;Preston & Shin, 2017;Spears et al, 2011;Stellar et al, 2018); there is also a duality surrounding moments of contrast in music (e.g. sudden dynamic changes), which seem capable of engaging vigilance and social mechanisms, depending on the circumstances and experimental approach.…”