Genetics of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Markus, Hugh S.; Schmidt, Reinhold

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.118.020379

Cited by 29 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Other unmodifiable risk factors include female sex, although the relationship with VaD is less clear with recent data suggesting no association at least post-stroke (33). Genetic factors may also play a role, but apart from rare disorders such as CADASIL, few specific risk genes are known (39). Apolipoprotein E4 is a strong risk factor for AD especially in women, but the relationship with VaD and PSD is less clear and requires further study (39).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Iadecola

Duering

Hachinski

et al. 2019

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

477

386

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Cognitive impairment associated with aging has emerged as one of the major public health challenges of our time. Although Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause of clinically diagnosed dementia in Western countries, cognitive impairment of vascular etiology is the second most common cause and may be the predominant one in East Asia. Furthermore, alterations of the large and small cerebral vasculature, including those affecting the microcirculation of the subcortical white matter, are key contributors to the clinical expression of cognitive dysfunction caused by other pathologies, including Alzheimer’s disease. This scientific expert panel provides a critical appraisal of the epidemiology, pathobiology, neuropathology, and neuroimaging of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, and of current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Unresolved issues are also examined to shed light on new basic and clinical research avenues that may lead to mitigating one of the most devastating human conditions.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic factors may also play a role, but apart from rare disorders such as CADASIL, few specific risk genes are known (39). Apolipoprotein E4 is a strong risk factor for AD especially in women, but the relationship with VaD and PSD is less clear and requires further study (39).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Iadecola

Duering

Hachinski

et al. 2019

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

477

386

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…80 Similar conditions include CARASIL, autosomal dominant HTRA1related cerebral SVD, COL4A1/2, FOXC1/PITX2, Fabry disease, and TREX-related disease. 79,81 In addition to single-gene disorders, other genetic factors, including the ε4 allele of the APOE genotype, may play a role in post-stroke cognitive impairment, which likely reflects a connection between AD and VaD. 82…”

Section: Laboratory Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most strongly associated genetic factors of post-stroke cognitive impairment include those genes that cause inherited SVDs. 79 An example of this group of diseases is CADASIL (Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy), caused by a mutation in NOTCH3 gene that encodes a transmembrane receptor involved in remodeling of vascular smooth muscle and angiogenesis, resulting in significant SVD, migraine, strokes, and cognitive impairment. 80 Similar conditions include CARASIL, autosomal dominant HTRA1related cerebral SVD, COL4A1/2, FOXC1/PITX2, Fabry disease, and TREX-related disease.…”

Section: Laboratory Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Stroke

et al. 2021

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Despite substantial advances in stroke care, vascular cognitive impairment remains a prominent source of disability. Unlike sensorimotor impairments, cognition often continues to decline after stroke. An aging population will increase the prevalence of vascular cognitive impairment, with stroke playing an important role. Ten percent of patients presenting with stroke have pre-stroke dementia; an additional 10% will develop incident dementia with a first stroke, and 30% with a recurrent stroke. While stroke increases the risk of cognitive impairment, the presence of cognitive impairment also impacts acute stroke treatment and increases risk of poor outcome by nearly twofold. There is substantial overlap in the clinical and pathological aspects of vascular and degenerative dementias in many patients. How they relate to one another is controversial. The treatment of vascular cognitive impairment remains supportive, focusing on treating vascular risk factors. Cognitive rehabilitation after stroke is an area of active research, and existing pharmacologic treatments have limited benefit. Heightened awareness of cognitive impairment in the setting of stroke is imperative for prognostication and management, impetus for research and, ultimately, the discovery of efficacious treatments.

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“…могут вызвать СКН; в рамках болезни мелких церебральных артерий выделяют патологические (вследствие артериальной гипертензии -АГ, сахарного диабета, амилоидной ангиопатии и др.) и генетические формы [10,11].…”

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Vascular cognitive impairment and chronic cerebral ischemia (dyscirculatory encephalopathy)

Parfenov

2019

RJTAO

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The paper reviews the literature on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), the diagnosis widely used in foreign neurological practice, as well as chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) and dyscirculatory encephalopathy (DEP), the common diagnoses in Russian neurological practice. According to the etiology, risk factors, and manifestations, Stages I and II DEP largely corresponds to moderate VCI; Stage III DEP does to severe VCI. The results of the author’s studies show that a considerable proportion of patients followed up with a diagnosis of CCI, DEP, have no signs of chronic cerebrovascular disease (CVD), but suffer from primary or secondary headache, vertigo of various origins, emotional disorders, and other diseases. The diagnosis of CCI, DEP should be based on the presence of CCI, the reliable neuroimaging signs of chronic CVD, and the ruling out of other diseases. When treating and preventing VCI, CCI, and DEP, a premium is placed upon both non-drug (regular physical activity, smoking cessation, rational nutrition) and drug therapy aimed at normalizing blood pressure and blood lipid spectrum, preventing blood clots, and improving cognitive functions.

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Genetics of Vascular Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 29 publications

References 60 publications

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia

Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Stroke

Vascular cognitive impairment and chronic cerebral ischemia (dyscirculatory encephalopathy)

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