Genetics of the F Sex Factor in Enterobacteriaceae

Achtman, Mark

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-65502-9_3

Cited by 51 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Eschertchia coli strains carrying F-plasmid DNA or DNA of other conjugative plasmids exhibit various properties that distinguish them from strains lacking such DNA (1,2). Principal among these properties is the capacity to transfer DNA to recipient cells by conjugation.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The expression and control of donor properties require Fplasmid genes located within or near the 30-kilobase tra region (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Strains carrying mutationally altered plasmids have been used to identify the genes in this region that are required for the formation of F-pili, filamentous organelles responsible for establishing cell-cell contact leading to DNA transfer, and those apparently required for DNA transfer itself (1,2,7).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Strains carrying mutationally altered plasmids have been used to identify the genes in this region that are required for the formation of F-pili, filamentous organelles responsible for establishing cell-cell contact leading to DNA transfer, and those apparently required for DNA transfer itself (1,2,7). In addition, two tra genes, traS and traT, are required for the full expression of surface exclusion (6).…”

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Chromosomal mutations of Escherichia coli that alter expression of conjugative plasmid functions.

McEwen¹,

Silverman²

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We have identified two chromosomal genes of Escherichia coli K12 that are required for the expression of conjugative plasmid functions in the presence of normal plasmid DNA. Hfr cells with mutations in both of these genes are resistant to donor-specific bacteriophage and defective as conjugal donors. These characteristics can be attributed to the inability of mutant Hfr cells to elaborate F-pili, surface organelles required both for conjugal donor ability and for sensitivity to donor-specific bacteriophages. Mutant cels are also defective in surface exclusion, the property of donor cells to act as poor conjugal recipients. This defect can be attributed in part to a reduction in the amount of the F-plasmid traTgene product in the outer membrane of mutant cells; this protein is one of two plasmid gene products required for the full expression of surface exclusion. We have designated the chromosomal genes identified by these mutations as cpxA and cpxB; the mnemonic cpx signifying conjugative plasmid expression.

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Chromosomal mutations of Escherichia coli that alter expression of conjugative plasmid functions.

McEwen¹,

Silverman²

1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The ability to synthesize sex pili and to transfer DNA by conjugation is known to require, in the case of the transfer plasmid F, the activity of at least 13 plasmidcoded transfer (tra) proteins (products of tra M,J,A,-L,E,K,B,C,F,H,G,D, and I genes). The majority of these tra genes are located in a single operon whose expression is under positive control of the traJ gene protein (3,4).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fertility repression of F-like conjugative plasmids: Physical mapping of the R6-5 finO and finP cistrons and identification of the finO protein

Timmis

Andrés

Achtman

1978

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The locations of the fertility inhibition genes finO and finP of the F-like conjugative multiple antibioticresistance plasmid R6-5 have been determined. As found previously for that of the fertility plasmid F, the finPgene of R6-5 is located close to the origin of DNA transfer, oMT, and to the promoter-proximal segment of the tra operon. Thus, finP is close to the site of action of the FinOP fertility inhibition system. In contrast, the finO gene is located on the other side of the tra operon, greater than 35 kilobases from the finP gene; finO is very close to the origin of vegetative replication, oriV, and to cistrons encoding functions involved in autonomous plasmid replication and plasmid incompatibility. A 4.5-kilobase fragment of R6-5 DNA containing the finO gene has been cloned on the high-copy amplifiable vector plasmid pBR322. This hybrid plasmid, desigated pKTO31, causes severe repression of conjugal transfer of plasmid F, indicating the production of high cellular levels of finO protein. Two indepndent fino mutant derivatives were obtained after mutagenesis of the pKTO3l plasmid. Comparison of proteins synthesized by minicells carrying finO mutant plasmids with those carrying various finO+ plasmids enables the finO gene product to be tentatively identified as a 22,000-dalton protein.

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“…We suggest a role for the traD (ts) mutation in MS2 RNA replication. Achtman.et al (1971) and Achtman (1973) have shown that the Escherichia coli gene traD is involved in DNA transfer during bacterial conjugation and that the traD-mutants are resistant to the RNA phage 12. Studies with the E. coli traD-mutant JCFL39, which is temperaturesensitive for conjugational transfer because it carries a traD (ts) mutation (Achtman et al, 1971), have shown that this mutant is also temperature-sensitive for the growth of group I RNA phages (MS2, t2, and R17) (Schoulaker & Engelberg-Kulka, 1978).…”

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confidence: 99%