2020
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23470
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Genetics of somatotype and physical fitness in children and adolescents

Abstract: Objectives To analyze the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the variation in somatotype, physical fitness, and their mutual associations. Methods Twins from 214 pairs (87 monozygotic) of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal, from 3 to 18 years of age (51% girls) were assessed in anthropometry and physical fitness tests. We estimated endomorphy, mesomorphy, and ectomorphy based on anthropometric measures and physical fitness using the Eurofit test battery. Two age categories were analyzed:… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(21 citation statements)
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“…Scientific articles containing data on temporal trends in physical fitness published up to April 2020 were included. Eligibility criteria were the following: (1) cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional studies (design criterion); (2) articles published in scientific journals, book chapters, books, conference proceedings, and theses (publish criterion); (3) fitness battery, physical fitness, cardiovascular fitness, speed, flexibility, agility, muscular strength, body composition (outcome measure criterion); (4) children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years (participant criterion); (5) articles published in English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, or German (language criterion).…”
Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Scientific articles containing data on temporal trends in physical fitness published up to April 2020 were included. Eligibility criteria were the following: (1) cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional studies (design criterion); (2) articles published in scientific journals, book chapters, books, conference proceedings, and theses (publish criterion); (3) fitness battery, physical fitness, cardiovascular fitness, speed, flexibility, agility, muscular strength, body composition (outcome measure criterion); (4) children and adolescents aged 10 to 18 years (participant criterion); (5) articles published in English, French, Portuguese, Spanish, or German (language criterion).…”
Section: Inclusion Criteriamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Physical fitness is a multicomponent construct that is closely related to the ability to perform physical activity (1,2). It is considered to be an important health marker, because high levels of fitness during childhood and adolescence have a positive impact on adult health (3,4). Additionally, higher levels of physical fitness enable participation in a variety of physical activities and decrease the risk of health problems (5)(6)(7).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Contudo, entre os rapazes, a componente que apresentou maior valor foi a mesomorfia, seguida pela endomorfia. Esses resultados corroboram ao que foi observado em estudos prévios, [11,12,[34][35][36], onde diferenças significativas entre os sexos foram reportadas e, no geral, os meninos apresentaram uma maior componente mesomórfica, ao passo que apresentam menores valores médios para a endomorfia, em oposição ao observado para o sexo feminino. Os resultados devem ser vistos e interpretados com cautela, e exigem atenção, visto que ao longo do processo de crescimento e desenvolvimento das crianças/adolescentes, sobretudo a partir do puberdade, esse dimorfismo tende a aumentar, observando-se, entre os meninos, tendência para aumento da componente ectomorfia e manutenção da mesomorfia, enquanto que as meninas tendem a apresentar um aumento na componente endomofia e manutenção da ectomorfia [6,[36][37][38].…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…Já na área da saúde, investigadores têm procurado compreender como o mesmo pode relacionar-se com indicadores e/ou comportamentos de risco. Nesta perspectiva, trabalhos têm demonstrado a existência da relação do somatótipo com variáveis do crescimento físico [6], pressão arterial [7,8], doenças cardíacas [9] e atividade física [10,11], bem como o papel de fatores genéticos e ambientais em sua expressão [11,12].…”
Section: Introductionunclassified
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