Genetics of Nonhuman Primates

VandeBerg, John L.

doi:10.1016/b978-012088661-6/50010-7

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Despite the adoption of this mating system, parentage analyses based on microsatellite markers revealed 10% of errors found on pedigree records that were based on observational assignments. This finding emphasizes the importance of using molecular methods to establish accurate pedigrees of colony animals for an effective management of long-term breeding programs (Smith 1994;VandeBerg 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In specific pathogen-free (SPF) colonies of rhesus macaques that have been minimally managed to maintain genetic heterogeneity, gene diversity declined over 15 years (Smith 1994). The entrance of males into breeding groups as infants by cross-fostering could allow the introduction of genetic variation in a colony (VandeBerg 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, attribution of paternity based on the assumption that the dominant male in a breeding group sires all the offspring is not a sound practice. Several investigations using genetic markers have shown that offspring have been sired by subordinate males and that, in some situations, the dominant male produced fewer than half of the offspring born (VandeBerg 1995). The present study determined the level of genetic heterozygosity in a 70-year-old closed colony of rhesus monkeys, to which no new animals have been introduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The genetic similarity among human and non-human primates makes the monkey an important resource for biological studies of humans (VandeBerg 1995). Consanguineous breeding can lead to inbreeding depression (Smith 1995) and genetic management is crucial for effective long-term breeding programs in order to avoid inbreeding depression effects (Ralls and Ballou 1982) and to maintain adequate genetic diversity (Smith 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of genetic status in a closed colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

et al. 2004

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The long-term management of breeding colonies requires some measure of genetic diversity in the animal population. For the maintenance of breeding colonies of monkeys used for biomedical research, known pedigrees supply precise data to determine the genetic status of colonies. We present data of genetic analyses in an old closed colony of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) that was established in 1932 with 100 animals. For more than 40 years, the animals were kept on an isolated island and, in 1980, single-male breeding groups were established. A total of 333 DNA samples of these animals were typed to 20 microsatellite markers using multiplex PCR in order to verify inbreeding coefficient (alpha) and level of heterozygosity. We found an average heterozygosity of 64% and obtained alpha=-0.03293 (+/-0.00573). Our results indicate that the reproductive strategy used was effective because consanguineous breeding was avoided. A continuous genetic program must be carried out in order to obtain better quality primates for biomedical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of genetic status in a closed colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

et al. 2004

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“…The current value attached to genetic management results from changes in primate availability and in research with nonhuman primates that have occurred over the last 20 years. The availability of wild‐caught primates has decreased dramatically during this period of time, resulting in a need to ensure the long‐term viability of self‐sustaining captive nonhuman primate colonies [51]. During the same period of time, there has been a substantial increase in the number of genetic studies of nonhuman primates [13, 53, 54].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic management of nonhuman primates

Williams‐Blangero

VandeBerg

Dyke

2002

J of Medical Primatology

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Genetic management is widely recognized as a critical component of the overall management of captive nonhuman primate colonies which produce animals for biomedical research. In this paper, we review the roles of conservation-oriented genetic management, research-oriented genetic management, genetic management at the level of taxomomic class, genetic management at the level of the population, and quantitative genetic analysis in comprehensive genetic management programs for nonhuman primate colonies. We conclude that genetic management is crucial for maintaining nonhuman primate populations suitable for genetic research on normal and disease-related phenotypes. In addition, for research programs that do not have specific genetic objectives, genetic management is essential to facilitate the selection of samples of well-matched unrelated animals for experimental purposes.

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Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms Reveal Patterns of Allele Sharing Across the Species Boundary Between Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and Cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) Macaques

Trask

Garnica

Smith

et al. 2012

American J Primatol

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Both phenotypic and genetic evidence for asymmetric hybridization between rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (Macaca fascicularis) macaques has been observed in the region of Indochina where both species are sympatric. The large-scale sharing of MHC class II alleles between the two species in this region supports the hypothesis that genes, and especially genes involved in immune response, are being transferred across the species boundary. This differential introgression has important implications for the incorporation of cynomolgus macaques of unknown geographic origin in biomedical research protocols. Our study found that for 2808 SNP markers, the MAF and observed heterozygosity calculated from a sample of Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques was significantly different from those calculated from samples of both Chinese rhesus and Indonesian cynomolgus macaques. SNP alleles from Chinese rhesus macaques were overrepresented in a sample of Vietnamese cynomolgus macaques relative to their Indonesian conspecifics and located in genes functionally related to the primary immune system. These results suggest that Indochinese cynomolgus macaques represent a genetically and immunologically distinct entity from Indonesian cynomolgus macaques.

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Genetics of Nonhuman Primates

Cited by 9 publications

References 78 publications

Determination of genetic status in a closed colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Determination of genetic status in a closed colony of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)

Genetic management of nonhuman primates

Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms Reveal Patterns of Allele Sharing Across the Species Boundary Between Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and Cynomolgus (M. fascicularis) Macaques

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