Genetics of female dimorphism in Ischnura demorsa

Johnson, Clifford

doi:10.1038/hdy.1966.44

Cited by 72 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Since males are the homogametic sex (ZZ), a trait a¡ecting males on the Z will evolve no more rapidly than autosomal traits. A parallel case may occur in dragon£ies and relatives, where numerous species have genetically based colour and behaviour polymorphisms that are sexlimited to females, and apparently controlled by autosomal loci (Johnson 1966;Cordero 1989). Since females are the`homogametic' sex in the odonate XO system, there are no female-limited loci to carry such traits.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Responses To Testosterone Implantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs ( Philomachus pugnax ): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation

Lank

Coupe

Wynne‐Edwards

1999

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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A balanced polymorphism in male mating behaviour exists in male ru¡s, with no obvious parallel expression in females. Pedigree data of male phenotypes support an autosomal model of inheritance, in contrast to sexlinked inheritance patterns found in other taxa with sex-limited alternative mating strategy polymorphisms. We tested this model by inducing male courtship behaviour in gonad-intact female ru¡s, using subcutaneous testosterone implants that produced physiological concentrations of testosterone. The implants rapidly induced in females both types of male mating behaviour, an increase in body mass typical of pre-breeding males, and the growth of normally male-limited breeding plumage. As predicted under an autosomal model, the distributions of induced male behaviour types in females paralleled those of their brothers and halfbrothers, and were inconsistent with sex-linked models. E¡ects were reversible, and experimental females bred normally in subsequent years. Our results show that genotype-speci¢c male characteristics can be induced by testosterone in female adults that have presumably not undergone neural organization for them early in life, showing direct use of genetic information in intra-and intersexual di¡erentiation.

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Section: Discussion (A) Responses To Testosterone Implantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs ( Philomachus pugnax ): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation

Lank

Coupe

Wynne‐Edwards

1999

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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“…For simplicity, we assumed that generations are continuous and we did not explicitly incorporate the exact genetic background underlying the female colour morphs in this mathematical model. To confirm that this simplification did not cause qualitative changes in the results, we also constructed an individual-based computer simulation model with discrete generations, assuming a di-allelic onelocus determination of female colour morphs 19,40,41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of increased phenotypic diversity enhances population performance by reducing sexual harassment in damselflies

et al. 2014

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The effect of evolutionary changes in traits and phenotypic/genetic diversity on ecological dynamics has received much theoretical attention; however, the mechanisms and ecological consequences are usually unknown. Female-limited colour polymorphism in damselflies is a counter-adaptation to male mating harassment, and thus, is expected to alter population dynamics through relaxing sexual conflict. Here we show the side effect of the evolution of female morph diversity on population performance (for example, population productivity and sustainability) in damselflies. Our theoretical model incorporating key features of the sexual interaction predicts that the evolution of increased phenotypic diversity will reduce overall fitness costs to females from sexual conflict, which in turn will increase productivity, density and stability of a population. Field data and mesocosm experiments support these model predictions. Our study suggests that increased phenotypic diversity can enhance population performance that can potentially reduce extinction rates and thereby influence macroevolutionary processes.

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“…An important result of this work is that androchromatypic allele is dominant in I. graellsii, while in I. damula and I. demorsa it is recessive (Johnson, 1964(Johnson, , 1966 (50) 00 (0) 493 (50) (0) 1000 (100) 00 (0) --…”

Section: To Test This Hypothesis Further I Made 8 F2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Female polymorphism is therefore a common phenomenon in the order Odonata. Johnson (1964Johnson ( , 1966 made the first and only genetic studies of this polymorphism. He showed that in Ischnura damula and I. demorsa there are two female phenotypes, and that the inheritance may be explained by means one autosomical locus with sex-restricted expression, androchromatypic females being homozygous recessive (hh), and gynochromatypic females heterozygous (hh) and homozygous dominant (hh).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The inheritance of female polymorphism in the damselfly Ischnura graellsii (Rambur) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

1990

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The damselfly Ischnura graellsii has three female coloration patterns: the male-like coloured or androchromatypic (A) females, and two gynochromatypic females: infuscans (olive-green to brown females, I), and aurantiaca (orange to brown females, 0). The inheritance of this polymorphism was studied by rearing the offspring of 33 laboratory crosses. Fourteen F1, eight F2 and eleven F3 crosses produced more than 2400 adults in laboratory conditions. Results of these crosses indicate: (1) the progeny of one female can consist of one, two or all phenotypes; (2) when two phenotypes occur the ratio is 1: 1 or 3: 1; and (3) when all phenotypes occur the ratio is 2: 1: 1 for A :1:0 females. The simplest hypothesis to explain these results is that three alleles of one autosomal locus control this polymorphism. The androchromatypic allele (pa) is dominant over both gynochromatypic alleles, and infuscans (p) over aurantiaca (p°) (Dominance: pa> p'> p°). Males possess all six possible genotypes but only one phenotype (pa)• All matings were compatible with the hypothesis, and the presence of all genotypes was proved with the matings obtained. Hypotheses about the maintenance of female polymorphism in Ischnura damselflies so far studied are revised.

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Genetics of female dimorphism in Ischnura demorsa

Cited by 72 publications

References 3 publications

Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs ( Philomachus pugnax ): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation

Testosterone-induced male traits in female ruffs ( Philomachus pugnax ): autosomal inheritance and gender differentiation

Evolution of increased phenotypic diversity enhances population performance by reducing sexual harassment in damselflies

The inheritance of female polymorphism in the damselfly Ischnura graellsii (Rambur) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)

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