Genetics of days to flowering, maturity and plant height in natural and derived forms of Brassica rapa L.

Kaur, Sarvjeet; Atri, Chhaya; Akhatar, Javed; Mittal, Meenakshi; Kaur, Ramanjeet; Banga, S. S.

doi:10.1007/s00122-020-03707-9

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Cellular and molecular biology, development, genetics and genomics, evolution, ecology (Atwell et al, 2010;Fournier-Level et al, 2011;Wilczek et al, 2014;Alonso-Blanco et al, 2016;Exposito-Alonso et al, 2019;Kinoshita and Richter, 2020;Fournier-Level et al, 2022;Monroe et al (Siemens et al, 2002;Franks et al, 2007Franks et al, , 2016Franks, 2011;The Brassica rapa Genome Sequencing Project Consortium et al, 2011;Yu et al, 2013;Kitashiba and Nasrallah, 2014;O'Hara et al, 2016;Hamann et al, 2018;Qiao et al, 2020;Kaur et al, 2021;Mabry et al, 2021) (S. Turner-Hissong, Bayer, pers. comm.…”

Section: Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Boechera model system for evolutionary ecology

Rushworth

Wagner

Mitchell‐Olds

et al. 2022

American J of Botany

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Model systems in biology expand the research capacity of individuals and the community. Closely related to Arabidopsis, the genus Boechera has emerged as an important ecological model owing to the ability to integrate across molecular, functional, and eco‐evolutionary approaches. Boechera species are broadly distributed in relatively undisturbed habitats predominantly in western North America and provide one of the few experimental systems for identification of ecologically important genes through genome‐wide association studies and investigations of selection with plants in their native habitats. The ecologically, evolutionarily, and agriculturally important trait of apomixis (asexual reproduction via seeds) is common in the genus, and field experiments suggest that abiotic and biotic environments shape the evolution of sex. To date, population genetic studies have focused on the widespread species B. stricta, detailing population divergence and demographic history. Molecular and ecological studies show that balancing selection maintains genetic variation in ~10% of the genome, and ecological trade‐offs contribute to complex trait variation for herbivore resistance, flowering phenology, and drought tolerance. Microbiome analyses have shown that host genotypes influence leaf and root microbiome composition, and the soil microbiome influences flowering phenology and natural selection. Furthermore, Boechera offers numerous opportunities for investigating biological responses to global change. In B. stricta, climate change has induced a shift of >2 weeks in the timing of first flowering since the 1970s, altered patterns of natural selection, generated maladaptation in previously locally‐adapted populations, and disrupted life history trade‐offs. Here we review resources and results for this eco‐evolutionary model system and discuss future research directions.

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Section: Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Boechera model system for evolutionary ecology

Rushworth

Wagner

Mitchell‐Olds

et al. 2022

American J of Botany

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“…Notwithstanding, the mechanistic aspects of such adaptive crop traits have not been unravelled from a structural biology viewpoint even though structural basis of transcriptional regulation has been investigated (Wolberger 2021;Strader et al 2022;Zhang et al 2023). Introgression of earliness in owering, an agronomic trait of interest in Brassicas, promises mitigation of yield losses encountered due to early onset of summers and other environmental stresses (Blümel et al 2015;Jat et al 2019; Kaur et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combinatorial interactions among natural structural variants of Brassica SOC1 promoters and SVP depict conservation of binding affinity despite molecular diversity

Kaur

Sisodia

Gupta

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Genes constituting floral regulatory network can be targeted to generate climate resilient, early flowering crops. SOC1, a central integrator of flowering, is downregulated by SVP. In highly duplicated, amphidiploid genome of Brassica juncea, flowering is plausibly mediated by combinatorial interactions among natural variants of multiple SOC1 promoters and SVP. Although fluctuating temperatures can influence energetics of molecular interactions, a mechanistic view on how these impact phenotypes remains unexplored. Analysis of binding patterns of biomolecules thus underpin new paradigms for precision trait engineering. Herein, we characterize 9 natural variants (homeologs and isoforms) of B. juncea SVP differing in MIKC domains. Generation and characterization of refined models of 15 SVP proteins (natural and hypothetical) and 3 SOC1 promoter fragments revealed extensive structural diversity. Despite this, binding affinity of 48 docked complexes were comparable except in cases where truncated proteins were involved. Investigation of 27 docked complexes for distribution and type of molecular contacts (π-π stacking, hydrophobic interactions, Van-der-Waals forces, Hydrogen bonds); shared or unique interacting patterns, revealed substantial variation suggesting involvement of compensatory mutations for preserving binding. Yeast one-hybrid assays validated binding potential predicted in docked complexes. Conserved amino-acid residues and nucleotides involved in non-covalent interactions were identified. Computational alanine substitution, established the cruciality of amino-acid hotspots conferring stability to docked complexes. Our study is relevant from an application standpoint. Identification of conserved amino-acid hotspots is essential for rational protein design since targeted mutagenesis of these can modify natural binding spectrum of regulatory proteins, and is a way forward for trait engineering.

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“…In soybean, the mutation Glyma.04G050200.1 , which is an ortholog of the Arabidopsis thaliana EARLY FLOWERING 3 gene, delayed flowering and also increased grain weight per plant under short-day conditions ( Lu et al, 2017 ). In rapeseed, an association panel comprised of 195 inbred lines revealed that allelic variations of FT genes FD and FES1 were associated with PH ( Kaur et al, 2021 ). In the double haploid (DH) population derived from Skipton/Ag-Spectrum/Skipton rapeseed, FT was negatively correlated with yield but positively correlated with PH under long-day photoperiodic conditions ( Raman et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterosis Derived From Nonadditive Effects of the BnFLC Homologs Coordinates Early Flowering and High Yield in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

et al. 2022

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Early flowering facilitates crops to adapt multiple cropping systems or growing regions with a short frost-free season; however, it usually brings an obvious yield loss. In this study, we identified that the three genes, namely, BnFLC.A2, BnFLC.C2, and BnFLC.A3b, are the major determinants for the flowering time (FT) variation of two elite rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) accessions, i.e., 616A and R11. The early-flowering alleles (i.e., Bnflc.a2 and Bnflc.c2) and late-flowering allele (i.e., BnFLC.A3b) from R11 were introgressed into the recipient parent 616A through a breeding strategy of marker-assisted backcross, giving rise to eight homozygous near-isogenic lines (NILs) associated with these three loci and 19 NIL hybrids produced by the mutual crossing of these NILs. Phenotypic investigations showed that NILs displayed significant variations in both FT and plant yield (PY). Notably, genetic analysis indicated that BnFLC.A2, BnFLC.C2, and BnFLC.A3b have additive effects of 1.446, 1.365, and 1.361 g on PY, respectively, while their dominant effects reached 3.504, 2.991, and 3.284 g, respectively, indicating that the yield loss caused by early flowering can be successfully compensated by exploring the heterosis of FT genes in the hybrid NILs. Moreover, we further validated that the heterosis of FT genes in PY was also effective in non-NIL hybrids. The results demonstrate that the exploration of the potential heterosis underlying the FT genes can coordinate early flowering (maturation) and high yield in rapeseed (B. napus L.), providing an effective strategy for early flowering breeding in crops.

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Genetics of days to flowering, maturity and plant height in natural and derived forms of Brassica rapa L.

Cited by 12 publications

References 79 publications

The Boechera model system for evolutionary ecology

The Boechera model system for evolutionary ecology

Combinatorial interactions among natural structural variants of Brassica SOC1 promoters and SVP depict conservation of binding affinity despite molecular diversity

Heterosis Derived From Nonadditive Effects of the BnFLC Homologs Coordinates Early Flowering and High Yield in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

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