Genetics of Chickpea Resistance to Five Races of Fusarium Wilt and a Concise Set of Race Differentials for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris

Abstract

Genetics of resistance in chickpea accession WR-315 to Fusarium wilt was investigated, and a concise set of differentials was developed to identify races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. A population of 100 F7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross of WR-315 (resistant) and C-104 (susceptible) was used to study genetics of resistance to races 1A, 2, 3, 4, and 5 of F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, and a population of 26 F2 plants from a cross between the same two parents was used to study inheritance of resistance to race 2. Segregations of the RILs for resistance to each of the five races suggest that single genes in WR-315 govern resistance to each of the five races. A 1:3 resistant to susceptible ratio in the F2 population indicated that resistance in WR-315 to race 2 was governed by a single recessive gene. A race-specific slow disease progress reaction was observed in chickpea line FLIP84-92C(3) to infection by race 2, a phenomenon termed as slow wilting, that is different from previously reported late wilting with respect to latent period, disease progress rate, and final disease rating. Twenty-nine germ plasm lines (27 Cicer arietinum and two C. reticulatum) including previously used differentials were evaluated for their reactions to infection by the five races. Only eight of the 29 germ plasm lines differentiated at least one of the five races based on either resistant or susceptible reactions, whereas the remaining germ plasm lines were either susceptible or resistant to all five races or differentiated them by intermediate reactions. A concise set of eight chickpea lines comprised of four genotypes and four F7 RILs with vertical resistance was developed as differentials for race identification in F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris. These differential lines were characterized by early appearance of wilt symptoms, and clear and consistent disease phenotypes based on no wilt or 100% wilt incidence, which offers important improvements over previously available differential sets and provides more precise and unambiguous identification of the races.

Legume Crops Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity for Science and Breeding

“…Consequently, chickpea displays a lack of adaptive diversity for a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike cultivated chickpea, wild Cicer species possess useful variation for morphological traits (Robertson et al, 1995), protein content , and genetic sources for resistance to both biotic (Di Vito et al, 1996;Collard et al, 2001;Ansari et al, 2004;Rubiales et al, 2004) and abiotic stresses Croser et al, 2003;Toker, 2005;Toker et al, 2007ab;Canci et al, 2009 Vito et al, 1996;Collard et al, 2001;Croser et al, 2003;Ansari et al, 2004;Sharma et al, 2005;Sillero et al, 2012). By far the most pressing issue relating to chickpea genetic resources is the urgent need to collect and characterize annual wild relatives, particularly those that are readily crossable with domestic chickpea (Ben-David et al, 2010).…”

Influence of some biotic and abiotic inducers on Fusarium wilt disease incidence of lupin (Lupinus albus) on disease resistance and protein pattern

“…Conidia were then harvested in sterilized distilled water using a sterile brush and filtrated through four layers of cheesecloth to remove the mycelium. The spore suspension was adjusted to 1 x 10 6 spores/ml using a haemocytometer (Sharma et al 2005).…”

“…Three replicates were used for each treatment and seven seeds were sown in each pot. The growing seedlings were examined periodically and disease incidence was recorded at 21 days after inoculation with the pathogen (Sharma et al 2005). …”

Identificación molecular y biológica de las razas 0 y 5 de Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.: Fr f. sp. ciceris (Padwick) Matuo & K. Sato del garbanzo en el noroeste de México

“…Lo anterior implica el empleo de otros elementos como la generación y el uso de variedades resistentes dentro de una estrategia de manejo integral de esta enfermedad, considerando que la eficiencia de los cultivares resistentes a ésta por sí sola, presenta limitaciones por la variabilidad patogénica de Fusarium (Jiménez-Gasco y Jiménez-Díaz, 2003;Sharma et al, 2005;Sharma y Muehlbauer, 2007). El primer reporte relacionado con la especialización y razas fisiológicas de Foc fue descrito por Haware y Nene (1982) y a la fecha se han descrito ocho razas fisiológicas: 0, 1A, 1B/C, 2, 3, 4, 5, y 6.…”

“…This implies the use of other elements such as the generation and use of resistant varieties within a comprehensive management strategy for this disease, whereas the efficiency of resistant cultivars to it alone has limitations by pathogenic variability of Fusarium (Jiménez-Gasco and Jiménez-Díaz, 2003;Sharma et al, 2005;Sharma and Muehlbauer, 2007). The first report related to the specialization and physiological races of Foc was described by Haware and Nene (1982) and to date have described eight physiological races: 0, 1A, 1B / C, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6.…”