Genetics indicators of environmental tolerance among fish populations exposed to acid deposition

Kopp, Richard L.; Wissing, Thomas E.; Guttman, Sheldon I.

doi:10.1016/0305-1978(94)90041-8

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Studies by Rankevich et al [53] indicate that under stress conditions the heterozygosity of a population may be higher. However, this was not confirmed in the present study, which is in line with Kopp et al [54], who claim that the relationship between stress tolerance and heterozygosity is different. According to Kopp et al [54], stress factors increase the frequency of specific adaptive alleles, while the total heterozygosity of the population decreases.…”

Section: Interactions Observedcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests

et al. 2021

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Biodiversity at the species and individual levels is one of the fundamental elements characterizing an ecosystem. It is assumed that the greater the level of biodiversity, the more tolerant the environment is to changes in external conditions. In recent years, dynamic climate change has negatively impacted the health of many forest trees across Europe, in particular Scots pine. Tree health is commonly characterized by crown defoliation. The study presented here describes and correlates crown defoliation with biodiversity indicators at the species and individual tree levels. Research was conducted in two national parks in Poland (Kampinoski and Bory Tucholskie). Since stands have been under legal protection for many years and forest management is not practiced there, stand development processes taking place there are similar to natural ones. This study provided empirical data on ecosystem response to external stresses based on species and genetic structure. The results confirm differing health of the populations, which results from, among other factors, stand age and the environmental conditions in which they grow. Pine stands in both national parks are genetically diverse but with low genetic variability. Differences in stand health are related to the number of alleles forming the genetic pool. This conclusion is supported by a high correlation coefficient for interactions between defoliation, the number of alleles, and the Shannon index for genotypes. This suggests that greater gene diversity is likely to provide a wider range of phenotypic responses to environmental change.

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Section: Interactions Observedcontrasting

confidence: 56%

Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests

et al. 2021

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“…This means that a population can only achieve its adaptability by distribution of the variation across individuals (e.g., Den Boer, et al, 1993 [62] ). Besides that, heterozygosity can be higher in stressful environments (review Parsons, 1996 a [205] , 1996 b [206] ; Rankevich et al, 1996 [220] ; Nevo et al, 1997 [186] ; Prus-Glowacki et al, 1999 [216] ), the relation between heterozygosity and stress tolerance can be variable (e.g., Kopp et al, 1994 [133] ), and it is also possible that -in the case of functional importance of an isozyme genotype with regard to a stress factor or in the case of linkage with genes involved in stress tolerance -selection of resistant genotypes results in an increase in the frequency of specific adaptive alleles while the total heterozygosity for that isozyme locus decreases (Hattemer and Müller-Starck, 1989 [111] ; Prus-Glowacki and Godzik, 1991 [215] ; Kopp et al, 1992 [132] ) because alleles which are only present in susceptible genotypes are lost. On the basis of these results, Guttman (1994 [101] ) and Fox (1995 [76] ) concluded that the formation of a resistant but genetically uniform population can imply increased susceptibility for new disturbances in the environment.…”

Section: Relationship Between Genetic Diversity and Adaptabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Booy¹,

Hendriks

Smulders³

et al. 2000

Plant Biology

361

248

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In this comprehensive review, a range of factors is considered that may influence the significance of genetic diversity for the survival of a population. Genetic variation is essential for the adaptability of a population in which quantitatively inherited, fitness‐related traits are crucial. Therefore, the relationship between genetic diversity and fitness should be studied in order to make predictions on the importance of genetic diversity for a specific population. The level of genetic diversity found in a population highly depends on the mating system, the evolutionary history of a species and the population history (the latter is usually unknown), and on the level of environmental heterogeneity. An accurate estimation of fitness remains complex, despite the availability of a range of direct and indirect fitness parameters. There is no general relationship between genetic diversity and various fitness components. However, if a lower level of heterozygosity represents an increased level of inbreeding, a reduction in fitness can be expected. Molecular markers can be used to study adaptability or fitness, provided that they represent a quantitative trait locus (QTL) or are themselves functional genes involved in these processes. Next to a genetic response of a population to environmental change, phenotypic plasticity in a genotype can affect fitness. The relative importance of plasticity to genetic diversity depends on the species and population under study and on the environmental conditions. The possibilities for application of current knowledge on genetic diversity and population survival for the management of natural populations are discussed.

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“…Anthropogenic factors (such as pollution) thus seem to favor the selection of individuals with a particular genetic makeup within fish populations through differential survival (Thorpe et al, 1981(Thorpe et al, , smith et al, 1983Nevo et al, 1984, Gillespie & Guttman, 1989and Duan et al, 2001). In addition, according to Kopp et al (1994), genotypes that survive exposure to pollution or salinity may be the most tolerant individuals to environmental stress. in addition, Chagnon & Guttman (1989) and Gillespie & Guttman (1989) mention that the degree of genetic variation maintained by a population may be evidence of its ability to survive in future environmental alterations by moderating or modulating the stressful effects of pollutants and providing the population with the necessary genetic plasticity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Adaptability of Sarotherodon Melanotheron to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Some Senegal Hydrosystems

Yoboue

Aliko

Gore

et al. 2018

ESJ

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The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) contamination at the Sine-Saloum (Foundiougne, Kaolack and Missirah), Hann Bay and Niayes (1 and 2) sites in Sénégal and genetic ecotoxicology of Sarotherodon melanotheron specimens from these sites.The genes of the specimens were studied by the enzymatic electrophoresis technique. Seven enzymatic systems (ADH, AAT, IDHP, MDH, PGM, GPI and EST) were analyzed. The analysis of the PAHs was carried out by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Populations of Sarotherodon melanotheron and sediments used for PAH measurements were sampled in 2009. Chemical characterization of the sampling sites revealed a high concentration of PAHs at Foundiougne and Hann Bay. The high pollution of environment is characterized by PAH napht (Foundiougne (14 378 ng/g) ; Hann Bay (5856 ng/g). The analysis of allelic variability showed the existence of an adaptive polymorphism at the PGM locus in S. melanotheron. The particularly low frequencies of the PGM * 105 allele in populations of disturbed environment (Foundiougne, Kaolack, Hann Bay, Niayes 1 and Niayes 2) suggest its involvement in the response to European Scientific Journal July 2018 edition Vol.14, No.21 ISSN: 1857

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Genetics indicators of environmental tolerance among fish populations exposed to acid deposition

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests

Relationships between Some Biodiversity Indicators and Crown Damage of Pinus sylvestris L. in Natural Old Growth Pine Forests

Genetic Diversity and the Survival of Populations

Genetic Adaptability of Sarotherodon Melanotheron to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Some Senegal Hydrosystems

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