Genetics and Incorporation of Glandular Trichomes and Polyphenol Oxidase Activity into an Advanced Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum Diploid Potato Population

Abstract

<jats:p>Preliminary data on the genetics of glandular trichomes and the feasibility of incorporating A and B glandular trichomes and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity from <jats:italic>Solanum berthaultii</jats:italic> Hawkes (Ber) into an advanced <jats:italic>S. phureja</jats:italic> Juz. et Buk.-<jats:italic>S. stenotomum</jats:italic> Juz. (Phu-Stn) diploid potato population are presented. A random sample of four Phu-Stn clones was intercrossed with a sample of three Ber progenies (pollen bulk per progeny) segregating for high density of A and B glandular trichomes. Nine F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> families [(Phu-Stn) × Ber] were evaluated over two experiments in the greenhouse for A and B trichome density (5 mm<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> of abaxial surface) and PPO activity 45 days after planting. A completely randomized design in an experimental hierarchical classification arrangement was used to quantify the genetic variability and to estimate broad-sense heritabilities (defined on an individual basis) for the attributes under study. To characterize the inheritance of these attributes further and to estimate narrow-sense heritabilities, fifteen backcross (BC) families were evaluated in a randomized complete-block design with three replications and analyzed by half-sib family analysis. Phenotypic and genotypic correlations between these attributes were also estimated. In the F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> families, broad-sense heritabilities were 0.59 and 0.41 for density of A and B trichomes, respectively. In the BC population, narrow-sense heritabilities were 0.15 and 0.08 for A trichome density and PPO activity, respectively; expression of B trichomes was almost absent in this generation. Genotype × environment interaction was significant for density of A trichomes and highly significant for density of B trichomes in F<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> families. There was some level of positive association between density of A and B trichomes and PPO activity. Additive genetic variance of these attributes was very low in this study; therefore, selection schemes based on family selection and progeny testing would be an appropriate breeding strategy for improving these traits.</jats:p>

Differences in distribution and performance of two sap‐sucking herbivores on glandular and non‐glandular Datura wrightii

“…The morphologies of the trichomes are similar to those described for other solanaceous plants, such as tomato (Luckwill, 1943), potato (Gibson, 1979;Gregory et al, 1986) and tobacco (Lin & Wagner, 1994). Datura wrightii is so far unique in that there are two discrete trichome phenotypes, whereas glandular trichome densities within other solanaceous species vary continuously among individuals (Lemke & Mutschler, 1984;Vallejo et al, 1994). Controlled crosses with both trichome phenotypes showed that in D. wrightii, trichome type is a monogenic trait.…”

Colorado Potato Beetle Resistance in Somatic Hybrids of Diploid Interspecific Solanum Clones

“…Our results indicate that the inheritance of type B trichomes may be recessive, since these trichomes were not observed in any somatic hybrids. Alternatively, cytoplasmic DNA may affect the expression of type B trichomes, as suggested by Vallejo et al (1994b). Somatic hybrids presumably contain equal quantities of mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA from both parents, in contrast with sexual hybrids.…”

“…tatively inherited trait. A study by Vallejo et al (1994aVallejo et al ( , 1994b produced low heritability values for density of both types of trichomes and determined that additive genetic variance for trichome densities was low. Mehlenbacher et al (1983) were able to recover parental trichome densities in F 2 and backcross generations, indicating that these traits are controlled by relatively few genes.…”

Physiologie des interactions entre pomme de terre et pucerons : vers une nouvelle stratégie de lutte basée sur les systèmes de

“…Le puceron rompt alors la tête d'un trichome de type A, ce qui a pour effet le relarguage de composés phénoliques (Avé et al, 1987). Ces produits entrent en contact avec des polyphénols oxydases et des péroxydases qui réagissent en un processus d'oxydation pour donner des quinones, formant un composé brun poisseux, collant, qui s'accumule sur le corps de l'insecte (Vallejo et al, 1994). Celui-ci est piégé, immobilisé, cesse de s'alimenter et meurt.…”