Genetics and Cytology of Meiotic Chromosome Behavior in Plants

Murphy, Shaun; Bass, Hank W.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70869-0_8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In sexually reproducing organisms, meiosis reduces the genomes from diploid to haploid (John, 1990 ) and homologous chromosomes from each parental genome undergo pairing, synapsis, recombination (John, 1990 ). These events ensure proper segregation of chromosomes into balanced gametes for subsequent fertilization and transmission to the progeny of the next generation (Stebbins, 1935 ; John, 1990 ; Murphy and Bass, 2012 ). Deviations from such normal disomic pairing and disjunction can lead to a variety of genetic inheritance problems including gene dosage imbalance, aneuploidy, and chromosomal rearrangements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Molecular Cytology of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Meiotic Chromosomes Reveals Non-disomic Pairing and Segregation, Aneuploidy, and Genomic Structural Variation

Easterling

Pitra²,

Jones³

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is an important crop worldwide, known as the main flavoring ingredient in beer. The diversifying brewing industry demands variation in flavors, superior process properties, and sustainable agronomics, which are the focus of advanced molecular breeding efforts in hops. Hop breeders have been limited in their ability to create strains with desirable traits, however, because of the unusual and unpredictable inheritance patterns and associated non-Mendelian genetic marker segregation. Cytogenetic analysis of meiotic chromosome behavior has also revealed conspicuous and prevalent occurrences of multiple, atypical, non-disomic chromosome complexes, including those involving autosomes in late prophase. To explore the role of meiosis in segregation distortion, we undertook 3D cytogenetic analysis of hop pollen mother cells stained with DAPI and FISH. We used telomere FISH to demonstrate that hop exhibits a normal telomere clustering bouquet. We also identified and characterized a new sub-terminal 180 bp satellite DNA tandem repeat family called HSR0, located proximal to telomeres. Highly variable 5S rDNA FISH patterns within and between plants, together with the detection of anaphase chromosome bridges, reflect extensive departures from normal disomic signal composition and distribution. Subsequent FACS analysis revealed variable DNA content in a cultivated pedigree. Together, these findings implicate multiple phenomena, including aneuploidy, segmental aneuploidy, or chromosome rearrangements, as contributing factors to segregation distortion in hop.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Molecular Cytology of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Meiotic Chromosomes Reveals Non-disomic Pairing and Segregation, Aneuploidy, and Genomic Structural Variation

Easterling

Pitra²,

Jones³

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Interhomolog chromosome recombination between parental chromosomes during meiotic prophase I establishes physical connections for bipolar spindle attachment between the homologs, and it generates novel allelic combinations. The study of meiosis in plants has made major contributions to our understanding of this key step in eukaryotic life cycles (for a review, see Murphy and Bass., 2012). Telomeres, the structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, consist of conserved repetitive DNA sequences and associated proteins that regulate genome stability and facilitate meiotic chromosome segregation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The maize (Zea mays) desynaptic (dy) mutation defines a pathway for meiotic chromosome segregation, linking nuclear morphology, telomere distribution and synapsis

Murphy

Bass

2012

Journal of Cell Science

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SummaryMeiosis involves a dramatic reorganization of the genetic material, along with changes in the architecture of the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm. In the opisthokonts, nuclear envelope and meiotic chromosome behavior are coordinated by forces generated in the cytoplasm and transferred to the nucleus by the nuclear-envelope protein linkers SUN and KASH. During meiotic prophase I, the telomere bouquet arrangement has roles in interhomolog recognition, pairing, synapsis, interlock resolution and homologous chromosome recombination. The maize desynaptic (dy) mutant is defective in homologous chromosome synapsis, recombination, telomere-nuclear envelope interactions and chromosome segregation. A detailed three-dimensional cytological analysis of dy revealed telomere misplacement during the bouquet stage, synaptic irregularities, nuclear envelope distortion and chromosome bridges at anaphase I. Using linkage and B-A translocation mapping, we placed dy on the long arm of chromosome 3, genetic bin 3.06. SSR marker analysis narrowed the mapping interval to 9 cM. Candidate genes in this region include a PM3-type SUN domain protein, ZmSUN3. No obvious genetic lesions were found in the ZmSUN3 allele of dy, but a conspicuous splice variant, ZmSUN3-sv1, was observed in mRNA from dy. The variant message is predicted to result in the synthesis of a truncated ZmSUN3 protein lacking two C-terminal transmembrane domains. Other potential candidate genes relevant to the documented phenotypes were also considered. In summary, this study reveals that dy causes disruption of a central meiotic pathway connecting nuclear envelope integrity to telomere localization and synapsis during meiotic prophase.

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“…The homologous recombination between the parental chromosomes occurs at this stage. The pachytene stage of early meiotic prophase has been extensively studied by cytologists as it provides a unique view of the organisation of haploid genomes (Murphy and Bass, 2012). Using GISH assay, De Farias et al (2018) observed high homology between the chromosomes of the two species when the E. guineensis genome was hybridised on E. oleifera pachytene chromosomes.…”

Section: Male Meiosis Profile Of Oil Palm Interspecific Hybridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Palm Male Meiosis Profiling: From Field Observation to Cytogenetics Analysis

Nor¹

2020

JOPR

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Genetics and Cytology of Meiotic Chromosome Behavior in Plants

Cited by 6 publications

References 253 publications

3D Molecular Cytology of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Meiotic Chromosomes Reveals Non-disomic Pairing and Segregation, Aneuploidy, and Genomic Structural Variation

3D Molecular Cytology of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Meiotic Chromosomes Reveals Non-disomic Pairing and Segregation, Aneuploidy, and Genomic Structural Variation

The maize (Zea mays) desynaptic (dy) mutation defines a pathway for meiotic chromosome segregation, linking nuclear morphology, telomere distribution and synapsis

Oil Palm Male Meiosis Profiling: From Field Observation to Cytogenetics Analysis

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