Genetics and Breeding of Pear

Brewer, Lester; Volz, Richard K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-11048-2_4

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 171 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Improving resistance to diseases and pests remains one of the most important objectives of pear breeding [ 51 , 53 , 54 ]. Fungal diseases are among the most common pear diseases, affecting both fruit production and fruit quality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These markers revealed only 4 to 21 alleles per locus, compared to 21–38 in a prior study based on biological material represented by 188 German and 28 Romanian genotypes [ 31 ]. The screening of genotypes with SSR markers connected to essential phenotypic traits, such as resistance to V. pirina [ 70 ] and E. amylovora [ 106 ], supplemented the previous progress made on pear regarding the evaluation of the pear gene banks or genetic factors that underlie pear responsiveness to the main biotic stresses [ 31 , 53 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 ]. However, because the usual selection of microsatellite loci recommends that there be at least four alleles for a microsatellite to be effective in assessing genetic diversity [ 112 ], this criterion was met in this case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Molecular Data on Response to Main Pear Diseases and Pest Attack in a Germplasm Collection

Mărcășan

Oltean

Popa

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pear is an important fruit tree in temperate areas, but due to its sensitivity, fruit yield and quality are often affected by disease and pest attacks. Pear genotypes from a germplasm collection comprising 13 Pyrus species, 17 Romanian varieties, and 50 non-Romanian varieties from a worldwide assortment were investigated in this study. Throughout four years, response to attack of the principal pathogens and pests was investigated phenotypically under natural conditions of infection and infestation. SSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of the genotypes. A standardized method for the evaluation of responses to biotic stressors was proposed, which highlighted significant differences between genotypes. The species and varieties with the lowest degrees of attack (DA%), calculated based on the frequency and intensity of attack, were identified for pear scab (Venturia pyrina), septoria (Septoria pyricola), fire blight (Erwinia amylovora), and psyllids (Psylla sp.). These accessions could provide valuable sources of genes of interest to develop resistant varieties in new pear breeding programs. By combining phenotypic and molecular analyses, significant information was obtained that can be exploited to generate high variability for selection through artificial hybridization by harnessing accessions with complementary molecular fingerprints and high genetic distances.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Molecular Data on Response to Main Pear Diseases and Pest Attack in a Germplasm Collection

Mărcășan

Oltean

Popa

et al. 2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Bartlette pears in earlier research was found to have the acidity 3.50-4.60% while the Bartlette pears in this research had the acidity of 0.134±0.01%. Different acidity for the same variety of pear could be because of the different climatic conditions, storage temperature, and other environmental parameters [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Bioactive Compounds in Different Varieties of Pears in Nepal

Koirala¹,

Shrestha²

2020

Nepal J Biotechnol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was conducted to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, perform qualitative tests (for sugars and phytochemicals), and quantitative tests (phenolics, antioxidants, anthocyanins, tannins, vitamin C) of six different varieties of pears i.e. Bartlette, Chinese pears, Chojuro, Kosui, Pharping local, and Yakumo. The juices extracted from respective pears were used for the analysis. The phenols were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method, antioxidants by the DPPH scavenging activity, and anthocyanins by a SO2 bleaching technique. The Pharping local pears were found to have the highest anthocyanins (85.95±0.1 mg/l), total phenolic content (600±0.01 mg GAE/l), antioxidants (IC50 value 250±0.00 mg of phenol/l) and vitamin C content (12.2±0.01 mg/100 ml) and tannins were observed to be highest in Yakumo pears (0.93±0.01 g/l). Likewise, the highest clarity i.e. 1.960±0.00 was observed in Bartlette pears and the highest acidity (2.01±0.01%) in Chojuro pears. Various sugar/carbohydrate tests like Molisch’s test, Benedict’s test, Barfoed test, Bial’s test, Seliwanoff test, Fehling’s test and Iodine test were performed for the pear varieties. All the pears gave positive results for all the sugar tests except Iodine test. The positive results for sugar/carbohydrate signifies the presence of various sugars that help for the better taste, texture, and aroma of pear. The pear varieties showed the presence of phytochemicals like flavonoids, terpenoids, catechins, cyclic glycosides, and proteins. The phytochemicals are responsible for fruit preservation and act as anti-carcinogenic components. Among the varieties of pears, Pharping local pears were observed to be most nutritional because of high antioxidants, phenols, anthocyanins, and vitamin C.

show abstract

“…Classical breeding of new apple and pear varieties takes decades, but the integration of marker-assisted breeding techniques could reduce the time from concept to commercialisation while also promoting resistance to key pests and diseases [42,[46][47][48][49]. However, marker-assisted fruit-breeding is underexploited, often attributed to cost and the need for expertise [49].…”

Section: Varietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Control Strategies for Use in IPM of Invertebrate Pests in Apple and Pear Orchards

Shaw

Nagy

Fountain

2021

Insects

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Growers of organic tree fruit face challenges in controlling some pests more easily suppressed by broad-spectrum insecticides in conventionally managed orchards. In recent decades, there has been a move towards organically growing varieties normally reliant on synthetic chemical pesticides (e.g., Gala), often to meet retailer/consumer demands. This inevitably makes crop protection in organic orchards more challenging, as modern varieties can be less tolerant to pests. In addition, there have been substantial reductions in plant protection product (PPP) approvals, resulting in fewer chemical options available for integrated pest management (IPM)-maintained orchards. Conversely, the organic management of fruit tree pests involves many practices that could be successfully implemented in conventionally grown crops, but which are currently not. These practices could also be more widely used in IPM-maintained orchards, alleviating the reliance on broad-spectrum PPP. In this review, we evaluate organic practices, with a focus on those that could be incorporated into conventional apple and pear production. The topics cover cultural control, biological control, physical and pest modifications. While the pests discussed mainly affect European species, many of the methods could be used to target other global pests for more environmentally sustainable practices

show abstract

Genetics and Breeding of Pear

Cited by 6 publications

References 171 publications

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Molecular Data on Response to Main Pear Diseases and Pest Attack in a Germplasm Collection

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic and Molecular Data on Response to Main Pear Diseases and Pest Attack in a Germplasm Collection

Comparative Study of Bioactive Compounds in Different Varieties of Pears in Nepal

Organic Control Strategies for Use in IPM of Invertebrate Pests in Apple and Pear Orchards

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About