Genetics, Ancestry, and Hypertension: Implications for Targeted Antihypertensive Therapies

Franceschini, Nora; Chasman, Daniel I.; Cooper‐DeHoff, Rhonda M.; Arnett, Donna K.

doi:10.1007/s11906-014-0461-9

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Clearly, there is a complex interplay between genetics and environment that should be considered in determining prevention and treatment strategies for multifactorial diseases. Ancestral origin can be associated with variations in immunological responses, metabolic processes, host responses to infection, and drug treatment patterns which justify studies investigating ancestral components in admixed populations (Suarez-Kurtz and Pena 2006;Sortica et al 2012;Franceschini et al 2014;Shim et al 2014;Suarez-Kurtz and Botton 2015). Amerindian ancestry is associated with a smaller risk of leprosy (Garcia et al 2013) and Alzheimer's disease (Benedet et al 2012), but a higher risk of systemic lupus erythematous (Seldin et al 2008;Sanchez et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neither self-reported ethnicity nor declared family origin are reliable indicators of genomic ancestry

et al. 2016

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Ancestry information can be useful in investigations of diseases with a genetic or infectious background. As the Brazilian population is highly admixed physical traits tend to be poor indicators of ancestry. The assessment of ancestry by ancestry informative markers (AIMs) can exclude the subjectivity of self-declared ethnicity and reported family origin. We aimed to evaluate the reliability of self-reported ethnicity or reported family origin as indicators of genomic ancestry in a female population from the Southeast of Brazil. Two cohorts were included: 404 women asked to self-report their ethnicity (Pop1) and 234 women asked to report their family's origin (Pop2). Identification of AIMs was performed using a panel of 61 markers and results were plotted against parental populations-Amerindian, Western European and Sub-Saharan African-using Structure v2.3.4. In Pop1 57.4 % of women self-reported as white, 34.6 % as brown and 8.0 % as black. Median global European, Amerindian and African contributions were 66.8, 12.6 and 16.6 %. In Pop2, 66.4 % of women declared European origin, 23.9 % African origin and 26.9 % Amerindian. Median global European, Amerindian and African contributions were 80.8, 7.3 and 7.6 %, respectively. Only 31.0 and 21.0 % of the global variation in African and European contributions, respectively, could be explained by self-reported ethnicity and reported family origin only accounted for 20.0 and 5.0 % of the variations observed in African and European ancestries, respectively. Amerindian ancestry did not influence self-reported ethnicity or declared family origin. Neither self-reported ethnicity nor declared family origin are reliable indicators of genomic ancestry in these Brazilian populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neither self-reported ethnicity nor declared family origin are reliable indicators of genomic ancestry

et al. 2016

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“…These approaches could include gene-and renin-guided therapeutics as well as device-based strategies. [36][37][38][39][40]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Pressure Control Provides Less Cardiovascular Protection in Adults With Than Without Apparent Treatment‐Resistant Hypertension

Egan

Kai

Wagner

et al. 2016

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Hypertension control may offer less protection from incident cardiovascular disease (CVDi) in adults with than without apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH), i.e., blood pressure uncontrolled on ≥3 or controlled to <140/<90 on ≥4 antihypertensive medications. Electronic health data were matched to health claims for 2006–2012. Patients with CVDi in 2006–2007 or untreated hypertension were excluded leaving 118,356 treated hypertensives, including 40,690 aTRH patients, ) with 460,599 observation years. Blood pressure and medication number were determined by all clinic visit means from 2008 to CVDi or end of study. Primary outcome was first CVDi (stroke; coronary heart disease, heart failure) from hospital and emergency department claims. Controlling for age, race, sex, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and statin use, hypertension control afforded less CVDi protection in patients with (hazard ratio 0.87, 95% confidence interval [0.82–0.93]) than without aTRH (0.69 [0.65–0.74]), p<0.001. Strategies beyond hypertension control may prevent more CVDi in aTRH.

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“…Specifically, some of the variants have only been associated with hypertension in European American populations but not in non-European American populations [ 8 , 9 ]. Furthermore, only a small fraction of studies have assayed these variants in non-European populations [ 10 ]. Here we investigate one of the strongest candidate genes, the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene, ACE [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE gene haplotypes and social networks: Using a biocultural framework to investigate blood pressure variation in African Americans

et al. 2018

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Deaths due to hypertension in the US are highest among African Americans, who have a higher prevalence of hypertension and more severe hypertensive symptoms. Research indicates that there are both genetic and sociocultural risk factors for hypertension. Racial disparities in hypertension also likely involve genetic and sociocultural factors, but the factors may interact and manifest differently across racial groups. Here we use a biocultural approach to integrate genetic and social network data to better understand variation in blood pressure. We assay genetic variation at the angiotensin I converting enzyme gene (ACE) and analyze social network composition and structure in African Americans living in Tallahassee, FL (n = 138). We demonstrate that models including both genetic and social network data explain significantly more variation in blood pressure and have better model diagnostics than do models including only one datatype. Specifically, optimal models for systolic and diastolic blood pressure explain a notable 35% and 21%, respectively, of blood pressure variation. Analysis of the social networks reveals that individuals whose networks are dominated by family connections and are more fragmented have higher blood pressure. Historically, family support has been associated with better mental and physical health, but our results suggest that those family connections can also take a toll on health. These findings raise compelling questions regarding the roles of genetics, family, and social environment in hypertension in the African American community and suggest that interactions among these factors may help explain racial disparities in hypertension more accurately than any of the factors alone.

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Genetics, Ancestry, and Hypertension: Implications for Targeted Antihypertensive Therapies

Cited by 35 publications

References 72 publications

Neither self-reported ethnicity nor declared family origin are reliable indicators of genomic ancestry

Neither self-reported ethnicity nor declared family origin are reliable indicators of genomic ancestry

Blood Pressure Control Provides Less Cardiovascular Protection in Adults With Than Without Apparent Treatment‐Resistant Hypertension

ACE gene haplotypes and social networks: Using a biocultural framework to investigate blood pressure variation in African Americans

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