Genetically related alluvial deposits across active fault zones: an example of alluvial fan-terrace correlation from the upper Quaternary of the southern Po Basin, Italy

Amorosi, Alessandro; Farina, M.; Severi, Paolo; Preti, Domenico; Caporale, L.; Dio, G. Di

doi:10.1016/0037-0738(95)00074-7

Cited by 86 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Along the margin immediately south-east of Bologna, the Middle Pleistocene deposits (Imola Sands and the alluvial sediments of the Lower Emilia-Romagna Synthem, SERI) are strongly deformed, being characterised by vertical or overturned attitude, cut by reverse fault or thrusted by Serravallian marls of the Epiligurian formations (Ghiselli and Martelli 1997;Boccaletti et al 2004). Current activity of the PTF and associated active anticline is documented by the presence of fault scarps locally affecting Holocene alluvial fans (Boccaletti et al 2004), uplift of different orders of tectonic terraces, calculation of geomorphic indices of landforms (Gualtierotti 1998), and analysis of the evolution of the erosion-depositional system of the chain-Po Plain (Amorosi et al 1996). Analysis of the uplift of the tectonic terraces allows an estimation of the mean incision rates that varies between *6 mm/year for the 18,000-13,000 year interval and *3.5 mm/year for the last 13,000 year (Gualtierotti 1998).…”

Section: The Apennines-po Plain Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent and active tectonics of the external zone of the Northern Apennines (Italy)

Boccaletti

Corti

Martelli³

2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

129

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We present a comprehensive study of the recent and active tectonics of the external part of the Northern Apennines (Italy) by using morphotectonic, geologicalstructural, and stratigraphic analysis, compared with the current seismicity of the region. This analysis suggests that the external part of the Northern Apennines is characterised by presence of three major systems of Quaternary compressive structures corresponding to (1) the Apenninic watershed, (2) the Apennines-Po Plain margin (pedeApenninic thrust front), and (3) the Emilia, Ferrara, and Adriatic Fold systems buried below the Po Plain. Geological data and interpreted seismic sections indicate a roughly N-S Quaternary deformation direction, with rates \2.5 mm/year. The shortening decreased since the Pliocene, when our data indicate compression in a NNW-SSE direction and rates up to 7 mm/year. The trend and kinematics of the structures affecting the Apennines-Po Plain margin and the Po Plain subsoil fit well the pattern of the current seismicity of the area, as well as recent GPS and geodetic levelling data, pointing to a current activity of these thrust systems controlled by an overall compressive stress field. Close to the Apenninic watershed, earthquake focal mechanisms indicate that shallow extension is associated to deep compression. The extensional events may be related to a secondary extensional stress field developing on the hangingwall of the thrust system affecting the Apenninic watershed; alternatively, this thrust system may have been recently deactivated and overprinted by active normal faulting. Deeper compressive events are related to the activity of both a major basement thrust that connects at surface with the pede-Apenninic thrust front and a major Moho structure.

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Section: The Apennines-po Plain Marginmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent and active tectonics of the external zone of the Northern Apennines (Italy)

Boccaletti

Corti

Martelli³

2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

129

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“…Fluvial systems are commonly sensitive to both faulting and regional surface deformation (Amorosi et al, 1996). Along the Tachia, Taan, Wushi and Choushui Rivers in central Taiwan, for example, complex river terraces are developed across the Chi-Chi earthquake rupture.…”

Section: Geomorphic Features Of Terracesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrust-related river terrace development in relation to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake rupture, Western Foothills, central Taiwan

Chen

Shih

et al. 2003

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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The 21 September 1999 earthquake (M W 7.6) produced a surface rupture that extended for 100-km in a general north-south direction in front of the Western Foothills, central Taiwan. The study area, located in a segment of the fold -thrust belt of central Taiwan, provides an important natural laboratory to study the relationship between active thrust deformation and fluvial terrace development. We recognize, from west to east, three subparallel thrusts, the Sanyi, Houli, and Shihkang faults in the northern part of the earthquake disaster area. The 1999 earthquake rupture occurred only along the Shihkang fault, whereas the other two faults were inactive. Along the Tachia River in the hanging wall of the Shihkang fault, eight well-developed terrace levels are observed, and can be subdivided into lateritic (Lt5-Lt1) and non-lateritic terraces (Ft3 -Ft1). Five levels of lateritic terrace (Lt5 -Lt1) are located in the hanging wall of the Houli fault, and a lateritic terrace (Lt5) is present in the hanging wall of the Sanyi fault. Stratigraphic and elevation correlations between these well-developed fluvial terraces in relationship to nearby geologic structures show that the Sanyi fault is the oldest structure. Lateritic terraces of at least 10,000 yr BP, for example, overlie the Sanyi fault, but correlative terraces associated with the Houli fault are offset. These types of terrace correlations allow us to define the progressive development of the thrust system within the Western Foothills. q

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“…Dated strath terraces are commonly used for this purpose (e.g. Amorosi et al, 1996;Burbank et al, 1996). Straths are planar remnants of old bedrock channel floors, isolated above an incising river.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluvial bedrock incision in the active mountain belt of Taiwan from in situ‐produced cosmogenic nuclides

Schaller

Hovius

Willett

et al. 2005

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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The concentration of cosmogenic nuclides in rocks exposed at the Earth's surface is proportional to the total duration of their exposure. This is the basis for bedrock surface exposure dating and has been used to constrain valley lowering rates in the Taroko gorge, eastern Central Range, Taiwan. Taroko gorge contains a uniquely complete geomorphic record of fluvial valley lowering: continuous, fluvially sculpted surfaces are present in the lower 200 m of this marble gorge. Assuming no post-fluvial erosion of the gorge wall, the concentration of in situ-produced cosmogenic 36 Cl measured in gorge wall marbles reveals exposure ages from 0·2 ka in the active channel to 6·5 ka at 165 m above the present river. These ages imply an average fluvial incision rate of 26 ± ± ± ± ± 3 mm a − − − − −1 throughout the middle and late Holocene. Taking into account lateral gorge wall retreat after initial thalweg lowering would give rise to calculated older exposure ages. Without considering gorge wall retreat, our estimates therefore represent maximum incision rates. Estimated maximum Holocene incision rates are higher than the long-term exhumation rates derived from fission track dating. The longterm gorge development governed by tectonic uplift is superimposed by short-term variations in incision rates caused by climatic or regional tectonic changes.

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Genetically related alluvial deposits across active fault zones: an example of alluvial fan-terrace correlation from the upper Quaternary of the southern Po Basin, Italy

Cited by 86 publications

References 12 publications

Recent and active tectonics of the external zone of the Northern Apennines (Italy)

Recent and active tectonics of the external zone of the Northern Apennines (Italy)

Thrust-related river terrace development in relation to the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake rupture, Western Foothills, central Taiwan

Fluvial bedrock incision in the active mountain belt of Taiwan from in situ‐produced cosmogenic nuclides

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