Genetically identical co-housed pigs as models for dietary studies of gut microbiomes

Yang, Fang; Chia, Nicholas; Mazur, Meredith; Pettigrew, J. E.; Schook, Lawrence B.; White, Bryan A.

doi:10.2478/micsm-2014-0002

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 66 publications

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“…This observation is consistent with that of Korecka et al [ 40 ] who showed using whole body AhRKO mice that the absence of AhR activity did not significantly influence the fecal or colonic microbiome composition, but only altered the small intestinal bacterial community. The stronger influence of diet on the fecal microbiome could be because of the altered supply of nutrients that drives a direct change in the fecal microbial composition [ 41 ]. On the other hand, AhR expression likely plays an indirect role in shaping the microbiome composition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet and intestinal AhR expression on fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles

et al. 2020

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Background Diet, loss of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) expression and their modification of the gut microbiota community composition and its metabolites affect the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the concordance between fecal microbiota composition and the fecal metabolome is poorly understood. Mice with specific AhR deletion (AhRKO) in intestinal epithelial cell and their wild-type littermates were fed a low-fat diet or a high-fat diet. Shifts in the fecal microbiome and metabolome associated with diet and loss of AhR expression were assessed. Microbiome and metabolome data were integrated to identify specific microbial taxa that contributed to the observed metabolite shifts. Results Our analysis shows that diet has a more pronounced effect on mouse fecal microbiota composition than the impact of the loss of AhR. In contrast, metabolomic analysis showed that the loss of AhR in intestinal epithelial cells had a more pronounced effect on metabolite profile compared to diet. Integration analysis of microbiome and metabolome identified unclassified Clostridiales, unclassified Desulfovibrionaceae, and Akkermansia as key contributors to the synthesis and/or utilization of tryptophan metabolites. Conclusions Akkermansia are likely to contribute to the synthesis and/or degradation of tryptophan metabolites. Our study highlights the use of multi-omic analysis to investigate the relationship between the microbiome and metabolome and identifies possible taxa that can be targeted to manipulate the microbiome for CRC treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of diet and intestinal AhR expression on fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles

et al. 2020

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Pig models on intestinal development and therapeutics

Yin

Yang

et al. 2017

Amino Acids

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The gastrointestinal tract plays a vital role in nutrient supply, digestion, and absorption, and has a crucial impact on the entire organism. Much attention is being paid to utilize animal models to study the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases in response to intestinal development and health. The piglet has a body size similar to that of the human and is an omnivorous animal with comparable anatomy, nutritional requirements, and digestive and associated inflammatory processes, and displays similarities to the human intestinal microbial ecosystem, which make piglets more appropriate as an animal model for human than other non-primate animals. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize key attributes of the piglet model with which to study human intestinal development and intestinal health through probing into the etiology of several gastrointestinal diseases, thus providing a theoretical and hopefully practical, basis for further studies on mammalian nutrition, health, and disease, and therapeutics. Given the comparable nutritional requirements and strikingly similar brain developmental patterns between young piglets and humans, the piglet has been used as an important translational model for studying neurodevelopmental outcomes influenced by pediatric nutrition. Because of similarities in anatomy and physiology between pigs and mankind, more emphasises are put on how to use the piglet model for human organ transplantation research.

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The Pancreatic Duct Ligated (Mini)pig as a Model for Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency in Man

Gregory

Hoffmann

Kamphues³

et al. 2016

Pancreas

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Modern therapy of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI) using pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) has largely been very effective and has greatly helped in improving the nutritional status of patients with PEI and in increasing the life expectancy in cystic fibrosis. It is believed that the use of predictable large animal models could play an important role in assessing and developing new therapies. This article reviews the pancreatic duct ligated (adult) minipig as a chronic model of total PEI, with a detailed look at the influence of PEI and response to PERT on prececal compared to fecal digestibility, to directly investigate effects on protein and starch digestion and absorption. In addition, the piglet with PEI is reviewed as a model for PEI in young patients with the aim of further improving the therapy and nutritional status of young patients with cystic fibrosis.

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Genetically identical co-housed pigs as models for dietary studies of gut microbiomes

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

Effect of diet and intestinal AhR expression on fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles

Effect of diet and intestinal AhR expression on fecal microbiome and metabolomic profiles

Pig models on intestinal development and therapeutics

The Pancreatic Duct Ligated (Mini)pig as a Model for Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency in Man

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