Genetically engineering milk

Whitelaw, Bruce; Joshi, Akshay; Kumar, Satish; Lillico, Simon; Proudfoot, Christopher

doi:10.1017/s0022029916000017

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…I am very excited that the first Invited Review deals with the very topical and perhaps somewhat controversial issue of genetic engineering. Genetically Engineering Milk (Whitelaw et al 2016) sets a pattern for future reviews, which should be prospective as well as retrospective. Equally exciting, the review comes from collaborators in the UK and India, reinforcing the international context.…”

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confidence: 99%

Editorial: The Journal of Dairy Research

Knight

2016

Journal of Dairy Research

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Welcome to the February 2016 issue of the Journal of Dairy Research. To my knowledge, this is the first time in our 87 year history that we have published an Editorial. The Journal's raison d'être has been, and continues to be, the dissemination of novel, international quality research conducted in the broad spectrum of sciences that are concerned with the production and utilisation of milk. Future Editorials might contribute to that purpose by reporting scientific advance. This one, however, is a little different, in that it deals with the Journal itself. This Editorial gives me a public opportunity to thank a number of people. I shall then go on to briefly consider why the Journal came into being, why it has been so important for so many years, and why it will remain a major force for many years to come. Finally, I shall explain the Journal's new systems and policies, and provide an updated and futuristic interpretation of the Journal's scope and aspirations. First and foremost, I thank the outgoing Editors, David Chamberlain and Eric Needs, for their dedicated and skilful shepherding of the Journal in recent years. Not only have they maintained excellent standards of scientific communication, they have also done that in a uniquely personal way, as many of you reading this will have experienced at first hand. I can assure you that the Journal remains fully committed both to scientific excellence and to all of its contributors as excellent scientists. I also thank the Trustees of the Hannah Research Foundation for having faith in me as the new Editor in Chief, and the University of Copenhagen (Denmark) for allowing me to undertake the task. My Editorial duties will be made easier by the valuable assistance of an Executive Editorial Team, and I am grateful to Mansel Griffiths (University of Guelph, Canada) and Eric Hillerton (Massey University, New Zealand) for being the first members of that team. We are gradually creating an Editorial Board that will reflect the Journal's broad scientific and geographical horizons, and once again I extend thanks to those who have already committed time and effort to the Board. Peer Review is a time-consuming exercise, and we are deeply indebted to all those other expert referees who have given freely of their time during 2015 and before. Last, but by no means least, I thank all who have submitted their research for consideration. Without manuscripts, the Journal would not exist. "When history comes to be written, no man, I believe will be found to have played a greater part in the moulding of the thoughts of his generation than Sidney Webb".

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confidence: 99%

Editorial: The Journal of Dairy Research

Knight

2016

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…Milk is arguably the animal product most targeted by genetic modification, with potential applications ranging from human consumption to the production of proteins of therapeutic interest [recently reviewed by Whitelaw, Joshi, Kumar, Lillico, and Proudfoot ()]. Following a similar aim than the meat‐oriented GMAs mentioned above, a transgenic goat expressing stearoyl‐coA desaturase was created to produce milk with increased proportion of monounsaturated fatty acids (Reh et al., ).…”

Section: Improved Animal Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR is knocking on barn door

Lamas-Toranzo

Guerrero-Sánchez

Miralles-Bover

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Genome modification at specific loci in livestock species was only achievable by performing homologous recombination in somatic cells followed by somatic cell nuclear transfer. The difficulty and inefficiency of this method have slowed down the multiple applications of genome modification in farm animals. The discovery of site-specific endonucleases has provided a different and more direct route for targeted mutagenesis, as these enzymes allow the ablation (KO) or insertion (KI) of specific genomic sequences on a single step, directly applied to zygotes. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), the last site-specific endonuclease to be developed, is a RNA-guided endonuclease, easy to engineer and direct to a given target site. This technology has been successfully applied to rabbits, swine, goats, sheep and cattle, situating genome editing in livestock species at an attainable distance, thereby empowering scientist to develop a myriad of applications. Genetically modified livestock animals can be used as biomodels to study human or livestock physiology and disease, as bioreactors to produce complex proteins, or as organ donors for transplantation. Specifically on livestock production, genome editing in farm animals may serve to improve productive genetic traits, to improve various animal products, to confer resistance to diseases or to minimize the environmental impact on farming. In this review, we provide an overview of the current methods for site-specific genome modification in livestock species, discuss potential and already developed applications of genome edition in farm animals and debate about the possibilities for approval of products derived from gene-edited animals for human consumption.

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“…Milk proteins are also a source of bioactive peptides that are released during digestion and could be engineered to increase the availability of these peptides which could then be modified to serve as vaccines (Whitelaw et al 2016). Similarly, specific nutritional requirements could be addressed by modifying milk proteins to optimise their content of essential amino acids or tailor amino-acid contents according to specific dietary conditions such as low phenylalanine for sufferers of phenylketonuria who cannot metabolise the amino acid (Laible 2009).…”

Section: New Opportunities Generated By Technological Advancementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving milk for human consumption through genetic engineering technologies

Laible

Wagner

Wei

et al. 2017

NIB

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The opinions expressed and arguments employed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD or of the governments of its Member countries. The Conference was sponsored by the OECD Cooperative Research Programme on Biological Resource Management for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, whose financial support made it possible for some of the invited speakers to participate in the Conference.

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Genetically engineering milk

Cited by 10 publications

References 61 publications

Editorial: The Journal of Dairy Research

Editorial: The Journal of Dairy Research

CRISPR is knocking on barn door

Improving milk for human consumption through genetic engineering technologies

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