Genetical analysis of the efficiency of VA mycorrhiza with spring wheat

Manske, Günther

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(90)90287-n

Cited by 55 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Several experiments reporting such a response to fertilization include crops species (Kirk et al ., ; Aghili et al ., ). More interestingly, previous studies in maize and wheat reported a negative effect of fertilization in crops, but not in their landraces (Manske, ; Wright et al ., ), suggesting that evolution under cultivation might modulate the mycorrhizal response to fertilization. Our finding extends those reports to a much wider set of crops, and thus raises questions about the mechanism underlying why P fertilization produced negative responses to mycorrhiza only in domesticated plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In fact, AM colonization tends to decrease in domesticated varieties when compared with landraces or wild varieties in crops such as wheat ( Triticum ) (Hetrick et al ., ) and sunflower ( Helianthus annuus ) (Turrini et al ., ). Additionally, in a few crops, mycorrhizal response has been reported to decrease alongside domestication (wheat: Manske, ; Hetrick et al ., ; maize ( Zea mays ): An et al ., ; tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ): Bryla & Koide, ). However, lower MGR among domesticated plants does not hold in other crops, such as barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) (Baon et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of domestication on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 crop species

et al. 2017

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The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is key to plant nutrition, and hence is potentially key in sustainable agriculture. Fertilization and other agricultural practices reduce soil AM fungi and root colonization. Such conditions might promote the evolution of low mycorrhizal responsive crops. Therefore, we ask if and how evolution under domestication has altered AM symbioses of crops. We measured the effect of domestication on mycorrhizal responsiveness across 27 crop species and their wild progenitors. Additionally, in a subset of 14 crops, we tested if domestication effects differed under contrasting phosphorus (P) availabilities. The response of AM symbiosis to domestication varied with P availability. On average, wild progenitors benefited from the AM symbiosis irrespective of P availability, while domesticated crops only profited under P-limited conditions. Magnitudes and directions of response were diverse among the 27 crops, and were unrelated to phylogenetic affinities or to the coordinated evolution with fine root traits. Our results indicate disruptions in the efficiency of the AM symbiosis linked to domestication. Under high fertilization, domestication could have altered the regulation of resource trafficking between AM fungi and associated plant hosts. Provided that crops are commonly raised under high fertilization, this result has important implications for sustainable agriculture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of domestication on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 crop species

et al. 2017

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“…Continuous re‐cropping of wheat, a crop not highly dependent on AMF for nutrient acquisition, is an interesting illustration. Although there are reports that wheat crops can benefit from mycorrhizal associations (Manske 1990; Tawaraya 2003), AMF colonization of wheat under field conditions has been documented to result in largely negative growth effects (Ryan and Graham 2002; Ryan et al. 2005).…”

Section: Cropping Rotations: Diversity In Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary ecology of mycorrhizal functional diversity in agricultural systems

Verbruggen

Kiers

2010

Evolutionary Applications

246

158

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The root systems of most agronomic crops are colonized by diverse assemblages of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), varying in the functional benefits (e.g. nutrient transfer, pathogen protection, water uptake) provided to hosts. Little is known about the evolutionary processes that shape the composition of these fungal assemblages, nor is it known whether more diverse assemblages are beneficial to crop productivity. In this review we aim to identify the evolutionary selection pressures that shape AMF diversity in agricultural systems and explore whether promotion of AMF diversity can convincingly be linked to increases in agricultural productivity and/or sustainability. We then ask whether farmers can (and should) actively modify evolutionary selection pressures to increase AMF functioning. We focus on three agriculturally imposed selection regimes: tillage, fertilization, and continuous monoculture. We find that the uniform nature of these practices strongly selects for dominance of few AMF species. These species exhibit predictable, generally non-beneficial traits, namely heavy investment in reproduction at the expense of nutrient scavenging and transfer processes that are beneficial for hosts. A number of focus-points are given based on empirical and theoretical evidence that could be utilized to slow down negative selection pressures on AMF functioning, therein increasing crop benefit.

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“…The effectiveness of some strains of mycorrhizae may depend on host genotype or soil conditions (Krishna et al . 1985; Manske 1989). However, symbiotic effectiveness should not be confused with the host‐specificity of a strain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating mutualisms: farm management practices and evolutionary changes in symbiont co‐operation

Kiers

West

Denison

2002

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Summary1. Root symbionts (rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizae) are often assumed to increase agricultural productivity consistently. However, rhizobial and mycorrhizal strains vary in effectiveness, resulting in symbiotic associations that range from parasitic to mutualistic. 2. The extent to which different farming practices mediate evolutionary changes along this continuum of symbiont effectiveness is rarely discussed. However, evolutionary theory suggests that (i) fertilizer use will favour parasitism unless host-plants impose sanctions against less-effective mutualists; (ii) tillage will have contrasting effects because it decreases within-plant symbiont relatedness but also decreases the risk that mutualism will benefit future competitors; (iii) crop rotation can act as a selective agent against dominating symbiont genotypes; and (iv) rhizobial inoculation adds beneficial strains to the soil but may increase the frequency of mixed nodules that allow parasitic strains to escape host sanctions. 3. However, the existing empirical data are inadequate to test our predictions thoroughly. Changes in species composition have been documented as a result of management practices, but evolutionary changes in symbiont effectiveness are difficult to detect. Therefore, a major aim of this study was to stimulate research that will assesses directly changes in symbiotic effectiveness as a function of management practices.

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Genetical analysis of the efficiency of VA mycorrhiza with spring wheat

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Impacts of domestication on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 crop species

Impacts of domestication on the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis of 27 crop species

Evolutionary ecology of mycorrhizal functional diversity in agricultural systems

Mediating mutualisms: farm management practices and evolutionary changes in symbiont co‐operation

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