“…Genetic studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the UII gene are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Northern Chinese (Sun et al, 2002, Zhu et al, 2002Tan et al, 2006), Hong Kong Chinese (Ong et al, 2006), Japanese (Wenyi et al, 2003;Suzuki et al, 2004), Turkish (Okumus et al, 2012), and Spanish populations (Sáez et al, 2011). In particular, the SNP 3836C→T (S89N) found in the Japanese and Hong Kong populations has been associated with elevated plasma UII level, higher plasma insulin, insulin resistance, and susceptibility of developing T2DM (Wenyi et al, 2003;Suzuki et al, 2004;Ong et al, 2006). SNPs have also been reported in the UT promoter in the Japanese population, but no significant association with T2DM was found (Suzuki et al, 2004).…”