Genetic Variation in the Neurohypophysial Hormones of the Mouse, Mus Musculus

Stewart, A.

doi:10.1677/joe.0.0510191

Cited by 17 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…ADH stimulates the re-absorption of water in the kidney which limits the amount of water that is lost in the urine thus enabling animals to conserv e water and reduce the potential for dehydration. Lysine, rather than arginine vasopressin (AVP), has been found to be the primary neuropeptide stored in the pars nervosa of macropodid marsupials (Chauvet, Colne, Hurpet, Chauvet and Acher, 1983b;Chauvet, Colne, Hurpet, Chauvet and Acher, 1983a;Hurpet, Chauvet, Chauv et and Acher, 1980), as is the case with members of the Suina (Ferguson, 1969;Ferguson and Pickering, 1969) and the Peru strain of mouse (Stewart, 1971). LV P, along with AVP, has also been isolated from the pituitary of a number of north and south American marsupials and both LVP and AV P occur in the pituitary of the northern bandicoot Isoodon macrourus (Rouille, Chauvet and Acher, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative water metabolism of Barrow Island macropodid marsupials: Hormonal versus behavioural-dependent mechanisms of body water conservation

King

Bradshaw

2008

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Seasonal variations in rates of water turnover were measured over a 7-year period in four species of macropodid marsupials (Lagorchestes conspicillatus, Bettongia lesueur, Petrogale lateralis and Macropus robustus isabellinus), on Barrow Island off the arid Pilbara coast of Western Australia. These ranged from over 100 mL kg(-0.82) d(-1) in wet seasons to as low as 28.2 mL kg(-0.82) d(-1) in dry seasons in the Spectacled hare wallaby, L. conspicillatus. Plasma osmolality increased significantly in both Barrow Island euros (M. robustus isabellinus) and Spectacled hare wallabies in November 1994, in the driest year yet recorded on the island. In contrast, there was no change in plasma osmolality of the other two species (Black-footed rock wallaby, P. lateralis and Lesueur's burrowing bettong, B. lesueur) that exploit cool and humid thermal refugia such as caves and underground warrens to avoid diurnal temperature extremes. Plasma levels of the marsupial antidiuretic hormone (ADH), lysine vasopressin (LVP), were for the most part below the detectable limit of the assay of 0.41 pg mL(-1) in rock wallabies and bettongs, but reached high levels of 16.7+/-4.6 pg mL(-1) and 20.25+/-5.1 pg mL(-1) in euros and hare wallabies, respectively, in dry seasons. LVP levels were positively correlated with plasma osmolality in both euros and hare wallabies, and negatively correlated with total body water content in euros, supporting its rôle as an antidiuretic hormone in these two species. The study highlights the importance of environmental features, such as caves and underground warrens, which are critical for the long-term survival of endangered species such as the Black-footed rock wallaby and the Lesueur's bettong. These species appear to lack ADH-controlled renal systems for the conservation of body water and are thus dependent on behavioural strategies for the maintenance of fluid homeostasis in arid environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative water metabolism of Barrow Island macropodid marsupials: Hormonal versus behavioural-dependent mechanisms of body water conservation

King

Bradshaw

2008

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…All observations were made on young, adult mice raised under the stan¬ dard environmental conditions described by . The two strains used were CBA/FaCam and Peru, which are known to differ in a number of endocrine characters (Shire, 1969Ò;A. D. Stewart, 1971 ; J.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Zona Glomerulosa and Corticotrophin: A Genetic Study in Mice

Shire¹,

Stewart²

1972

Journal of Endocrinology

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CBA/FaCam mice have adrenals with a well-developed zona glomerulosa. This zone is poorly developed in mice ofthe Peru strain, although the production of aldosterone is similar in the two strains. The zona glomerulosa was considerably reduced in CBA mice treated with synthetic corticotrophin (ACTH). In these mice degeneration of the adrenal X zone took the form typical of Peru mice. Treating Peru mice with dexamethasone resulted in the appearance of a wide zona glomerulosa, presumably as a consequence of lowered levels of ACTH in plasma. The hypothesis of relatively high levels of ACTH in Peru mice also received support from the relatively small spleens and large adrenals found in mice of this genotype. A significant negative correlation existed between the width of the zona glomerulosa and the weight of cortical tissue for the two strains and their F1 hybrid. This correlation did not, however, hold for mice of the genetically heterogeneous backcross generations. Thus the variation in the histological appearance of the subcapsular tissue was not causally related to differences in the mass of steroidogenic tissue.The relationships between the visibly differentiated zona glomerulosa, the cells that produce aldosterone, and their control systems are discussed in the light of theories about the relationship between structure and function in the adrenal glands.

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Divergent neuropeptide evolutionary drifts between American and Australian marsupials

et al. 1984

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Present-day marsupials, which are supposed to have arisen from a single stem diverging from the placental stem some 130 million years ago, exist only in the American and Australian continents. Comparison of the homologous genes and their protein products, which evolved under different environmental conditions, may provide arguments for either selective or neutral evolution. In contrast to Australian Macropodidae, which have peculiar neurohypophysial peptides, namely mesotocin and two pressor peptides, lysine vasopressin and phenypressin, the South American oppossum, Didelphis marsupialis, has oxytocin, lysine vasopressin, and arginine vasopressin. Because placental mammals have oxytocin and usually arginine vasopressin, and nonmammalian tetrapods have mesotocin and arginine vasotocin, it is assumed that (1) selective change of arginine vasotocin into arginine vasopressin occurred in mammalian ancestors and a subsequent gene duplication in the marsupial line gave rise to two pressor peptides with divergent neutral drifts in American and Australian groups, and (2) mesotocin of nonmammalian tetrapods has been preserved in Australian marsupials and reclaimed for milk-ejecting function whereas it has been converted into oxytocin in South American oppossums. The change of mesotocin into oxytocin seems neutral rather than selective.

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Genetic Variation in the Neurohypophysial Hormones of the Mouse, Mus Musculus

Cited by 17 publications

References 20 publications

Comparative water metabolism of Barrow Island macropodid marsupials: Hormonal versus behavioural-dependent mechanisms of body water conservation

Comparative water metabolism of Barrow Island macropodid marsupials: Hormonal versus behavioural-dependent mechanisms of body water conservation

The Zona Glomerulosa and Corticotrophin: A Genetic Study in Mice

Divergent neuropeptide evolutionary drifts between American and Australian marsupials

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