Genetic Variation in the Microfibril Angle of Loblolly Pine From Two Test Sites

Myszewski, Jennifer H.; Bridgwater, F.E.; Lowe, W. J.; Byram, Thomas D.; Megraw, Robert A.

doi:10.1093/sjaf/28.4.196

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The environmental effect on MFA increased with tree age. Myszewski et al (2004) found significant, but unspecified, environmental influences on MFA in P. taeda. Jordan et al (2006Jordan et al ( , 2007 found significant site variation, also in P. taeda, but could not relate this to any specific site factor other than growth rate.…”

Section: Site and Silviculturementioning

confidence: 87%

“…Clark and Daniels (2004) found that specific gravity and MFA have a strong inverse correlation in P. taeda, attributed to increased amounts of latewood, which has reduced MFA. Interestingly, Myszewski et al (2004), also working on P. taeda, found no such correlation. In P. radiata clones, Lindström et al (2005) found that clones with high MOE, and hence lower MFA compared to low-MOE clones, had longer tracheids (1.8 mm cf.…”

Section: Relationships Between Mfa and Cell Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Other studies on softwoods have failed to show significant effects of site or growth rate (Manwiller 1972;Markstrom et al 1983;Shuler et al 1989;Hirakawa & Fujisawa 1995;Donaldson 1996;Myszewski et al 2004;Chiu et al 2005). In Pinus taeda, soil moisture conditions had no apparent affect on MFA (Hiller & Brown 1967) in contrast to the significant effects of drought and irrigation in Eucalyptus nitens trees found by Wimmer et al (2002).…”

Section: Site and Silviculturementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In conifers, the trend from earlywood to latewood is for a gradual decline in MFA towards the latewood with a steeper decline in the last few latewood tracheids, at least in some growth rings (Wellwood 1962;McGinness 1963;Hiller 1964a;McMillin 1973;Tang 1973;Bucur 1982;Paakkari & Serimaa 1984;Cave & Walker 1994;Stuart & Evans 1995;Donaldson 1998;Herman et al 1999;Anagnost et al 2002Anagnost et al , 2005Deresse et al 2003;Sarén et al 2004;Jordan et al 2005). Some reports, however, suggest that the decline in MFA in the latewood is more apparent with increasing distance from the pith, and may even be reversed in juvenile wood, with higher latewood MFA compared to earlywood until about ring 7 from the pith (Megraw et al 1998;Lichtenegger et al 1999b;Deresse et al 2003;Myszewski et al 2004). Both Jakob et al (1994) and Reiterer et al (1998) found significantly higher MFA in latewood (20°) compared to earlywood (< 5°) of Picea abies.…”

Section: Cell-to-cell and Within-growth Ring Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfibril Angle: Measurement, Variation and Relationships – A Review

Donaldson¹

2008

IAWA J

280

222

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Microfibril angle (MFA) is perhaps the easiest ultrastructural variable to measure for wood cell walls, and certainly the only such variable that has been measured on a large scale. Because cellulose is crystalline, the MFA of the S2 layer can be measured by X-ray diffraction. Automated X-ray scanning devices such as SilviScan have produced large datasets for a range of timber species using increment core samples. In conifers, microfibril angles are large in the juvenile wood and small in the mature wood. MFA is larger at the base of the tree for a given ring number from the pith, and decreases with height, increasing slightly at the top tree. In hardwoods, similar patterns occur, but with much less variation and much smaller microfibril angles in juvenile wood. MFA has significant heritability, but is also influenced by environmental factors as shown by its increased values in compression wood, decreased values in tension wood and, often, increased values following nutrient or water supplementation. Adjacent individual tracheids can show moderate differences in MFA that may be related to tracheid length, but not to lumen diameter or cell wall thickness. While there has been strong interest in the MFA of the S2 layer, which dominates the axial stiffness properties of tracheids and fibres, there has been little attention given to the microfibril angles of S1 and S3 layers, which may influence collapse resistance and other lateral properties. Such investigations have been limited by the much greater difficulty of measuring angles for these wall layers. MFA, in combination with basic density, shows a strong relationship to longitudinal modulus of elasticity, and to longitudinal shrinkage, which are the main reasons for interest in this cell wall property in conifers. In hardwoods, MFA is of more interest in relation to growth stress and shrinkage behaviour.

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Section: Site and Silviculturementioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Relationships Between Mfa and Cell Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Site and Silviculturementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Cell-to-cell and Within-growth Ring Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microfibril Angle: Measurement, Variation and Relationships – A Review

Donaldson¹

2008

IAWA J

280

222

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“…An inverse relationship between MFA and cell length is generally accepted and has been reported in a number of studies [21][22][23]. However, reports are not consistent across the scientific literature as some authors argue that tracheid length is not related to MFA [24,25] while Evans et al [26] demonstrated a clear correlation between MFA, density and fibre cell wall thickness. On balance, these data suggest that cell length is possibly mediated by microtubules; however, since MFA is an important feature of SCW formation, it is unlikely that it influences cell size after cell elongation has ceased.…”

Section: Mfa As a Key Feature Of Scw Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cytoskeleton and Its Role in Determining Cellulose Microfibril Angle in Secondary Cell Walls of Woody Tree Species

Tobias

Spokevicius

McFarlane

et al. 2020

Plants

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Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular control of secondary cell wall (SCW) formation have shed light on molecular mechanisms that underpin domestication traits related to wood formation. One such trait is the cellulose microfibril angle (MFA), an important wood quality determinant that varies along tree developmental phases and in response to gravitational stimulus. The cytoskeleton, mainly composed of microtubules and actin filaments, collectively contribute to plant growth and development by participating in several cellular processes, including cellulose deposition. Studies in Arabidopsis have significantly aided our understanding of the roles of microtubules in xylem cell development during which correct SCW deposition and patterning are essential to provide structural support and allow for water transport. In contrast, studies relating to SCW formation in xylary elements performed in woody trees remain elusive. In combination, the data reviewed here suggest that the cytoskeleton plays important roles in determining the exact sites of cellulose deposition, overall SCW patterning and more specifically, the alignment and orientation of cellulose microfibrils. By relating the reviewed evidence to the process of wood formation, we present a model of microtubule participation in determining MFA in woody trees forming reaction wood (RW).

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Improving wood quality in the western gulf forest tree improvement program: the problem of multiple breeding objectives

Byram

Myszewski

Gwaze

et al. 2005

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Currently, both industrial and private landowners in the Western Gulf Forest Tree Improvement Program (WGFTIP) area are compensated for their timber primarily based on the weight or volume of green wood reaching the mill gate. This places an immediate economic focus on adaptability and volume growth. However, selection for volume growth alone could result in decreased wood quality over time. Wood quality characteristics including stem straightness, wood specific gravity, and microfibril angle have either neutral or slightly unfavorable genetic correlations with volume growth in the WGFTIP loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) program. Since most WGFTIP members also consider wood quality an important selection criterion, the WGFTIP must define the best possible set of selection criteria given that (1) no single set of breeding objectives can be considered optimal for multiple products and (2) improvement in wood quality has no readily recognized economic importance in the existing market. To meet this challenge, the WGFTIP has implemented different strategies for its mainline breeding and deployment populations. In the mainline population, consistent breedng and selection criteria are used across members, while in the various deployment populations, selections are tailored to meet the specific needs of each member. The WGFTIP is also developing an elite wood quality population (WQEPop) based on backward selection. For the WQEPop to be successful, the economic importance of improved wood quality must be recognized, and landowners must be compensated for growing higher quality timber, especially if this results in reduced volume production. Improved methodology for within-family selection and for wood quality trait measurement is also important.

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Genetic Variation in the Microfibril Angle of Loblolly Pine From Two Test Sites

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Microfibril Angle: Measurement, Variation and Relationships – A Review

Microfibril Angle: Measurement, Variation and Relationships – A Review

The Cytoskeleton and Its Role in Determining Cellulose Microfibril Angle in Secondary Cell Walls of Woody Tree Species

Improving wood quality in the western gulf forest tree improvement program: the problem of multiple breeding objectives

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