Genetic variation in non-specific immune parameters in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Røed, K. H.; Fjalested, K.T.; Strømsheim, A.

doi:10.1016/0044-8486(93)90052-z

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In aquaculture based primarily on out bred fish, this can cause problems of unpredictability in some research programmes, evaluations of husbandry practices or prophylactic methods. Selective breeding employed in aquaculture to select for favourable traits like disease resistance, has been problematic possibly due to the inherent diversity and often obscure correlation between immune parameters and disease resistance (Roed et al 1993;Van Muiswinkel et al 1999;Olesen et al 2007;Ødegård et al 2007;Mahapatra et al 2008;Robinson and Hayes 2008).…”

Section: Genetic Make-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Control of Fish Diseases

2010

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All metazoans possess innate immune defence system whereas parameters of the adaptive immune system make their first appearance in the gnathostomata, the jawed vertebrates. Fish are therefore the first animal phyla to possess both an innate and adaptive immune system making them very interesting as regards developmental studies of the immune system. The massive increase in aquaculture in recent decades has also put greater emphasis on studies of the fish immune system and defence against diseases commonly associated with intensive fish rearing. Some of the main components of the innate and adaptive immune system of fish are described. The innate parameters are at the forefront of immune defence in fish and are a crucial factor in disease resistance. The adaptive response of fish is commonly delayed but is essential for lasting immunity and a key factor in successful vaccination. Some of the inherent and external factors that can manipulate the immune system of fish are discussed, the main fish diseases are listed and the pathogenicity and host defence discussed. The main prophylactic measures are covered, including vaccination, probiotics and immunostimulation. A key element in the immunological control of fish diseases is the great variation in disease susceptibility and immune defence of different fish species, a reflection of the extended time the present day teleosts have been separated in evolution. Future research will probably make use of molecular and proteomic tools both to study important elements in immune defence and prophylactic measures and to assist with breeding programmes for disease resistance.

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Section: Genetic Make-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Control of Fish Diseases

2010

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Histopathologic Changes in Disease‐Resistant‐Line and Disease‐Susceptible‐Line Juvenile Rainbow Trout Experimentally Infected with Flavobacterium psychrophilum

2014

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A challenge to selectively breeding fish populations for improved disease resistance in aquaculture is an incomplete understanding of how artificial selection affects innate immunity at the host-pathogen level. The objective of this study was to determine whether Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss bred for differential susceptibility to bacterial cold-water disease exhibited altered tissue damage and cellular inflammatory response following experimental challenge with Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Fish from disease-resistant (ARS-Fp-R) and disease-susceptible (ARS-Fp-S) lines were experimentally challenged as juveniles, and mortalities, as well as survivors, were sampled for histopathology during the acute phase of the disease. Microscopic lesions were quantified or semiquantified and statistically compared for changes over time and between genetic lines. Significant progression in the degree of perisplenitis, splenic necrosis, splenic inflammatory infiltrates, average splenic ellipsoid area, total splenic ellipsoid area, and peritonitis was present over time in both genetic lines on at least one postinfection time point. No differences were found between renal inflammatory infiltrates and renal hematopoietic cell depletion over time. Perisplenitis was significantly lower in fish from the ARS-Fp-R line on day 9 postinfection than in fish from the ARS-Fp-S line. The ARS-Fp-R line demonstrated a trend towards reduced splenic necrosis compared with the ARS-Fp-S line that approached significance, and fish from the ARS-Fp-S line were 3.6 times more likely than fish from the ARS-Fp-R line to have a higher splenic necrosis lesion score after day 3 postinfection. These findings support the hypothesis that differential survival is a result of divergence in disease magnitude and not altered disease course between genetic lines. Characterization of histopathologic changes between genetic lines and over time helps elucidate mechanisms of disease resistance and contributes to our understanding of disease pathogenesis in fish infected with F. psychrophilum. Received January 7, 2014; accepted March 10, 2014.

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Genetic variation in non-specific immune parameters in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Immunological Control of Fish Diseases

Immunological Control of Fish Diseases

Histopathologic Changes in Disease‐Resistant‐Line and Disease‐Susceptible‐Line Juvenile Rainbow Trout Experimentally Infected with Flavobacterium psychrophilum

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