Genetic Variation and Phenotypic Response of 15 Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Population Density

Shelton, Adrienne C.; Tracy, William F.

doi:10.3390/su5062442

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…1D). Effect of plant density on ear length, filled ear length, and ear mass per plant was similar to tests of sugary1 hybrids (Shelton and Tracy, 2013) and yellow-kernel sh2 hybrids (Williams, 2012). In sweet corn, this appears to be the first report of per-plant kernel mass loss with increasing plant density (loss of 18.1 g/plant) and results are comparable with findings in grain corn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…How plant density affects the reproductive sink of sweet corn is poorly known. In general, ear mass, filled ear length, and recovery decrease at higher plant densities (Rogers and Lomman, 1988;Shelton and Tracy, 2013;Williams, 2012). A more detailed analysis of the reproductive sink response to plant density in sweet corn would be valuable as breeders improve plant density tolerance.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Reproductive Sink of Sweet Corn in Response to Plant Density and Hybrid

Williams¹

2018

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Improvements in plant density tolerance have played an essential role in grain corn yield gains for ≈80 years; however, plant density effects on sweet corn biomass allocation to the ear (the reproductive ‘sink’) is poorly quantified. Moreover, optimal plant densities for modern white-kernel shrunken-2 (sh2) hybrids are unknown. The objectives of the study were to 1) quantify the effect of plant density and hybrid on the reproductive sink of sweet corn and 2) determine optimal plant densities for white-kernel sh2 sweet corn. Field experiments were conducted across 2 years on 10 white-kernel sh2 hybrids grown at plant densities ranging from 4.3 to 8.6 plants/m2. Increasing plant density negatively influenced reproductive sink characteristics of individual sweet corn plants, including linear decreases in ear shoots/plant, marketable ears/plant, ear length, filled ear length, ear mass/plant, and kernel mass/plant. Reproductive traits varied widely among hybrids, including ear mass (15.6–20.6 Mt·ha−1) and recovery (32.3% to 42.4%), which is the contribution of fresh kernel mass to total ear mass. Hybrids had a common response to plant density, whereby ear yield was optimized at 5.5 plants/m2 and gross profit margin was optimized at 6.1 plants/m2. Plant density data from 586 growers’ fields suggest current seeding rates have optimized the reproductive sink size for today’s white-kernel sh2 hybrids. However, room exists for improving plant density tolerance, yield, and profitability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

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confidence: 99%

Reproductive Sink of Sweet Corn in Response to Plant Density and Hybrid

Williams¹

2018

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“…The average plant height (AP) was 250 cm and fluctuated from 188.6 to 275.6 cm, results similar to those reported by Shelton and Tracy (2013); Manjarrez et al 2014; Gómez et al (2016). Several researchers consider it important to measure plant height in maize to explore genetic diversity between plants (Nuñez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Results Analysis Of Variance and Comparison Of Meanssupporting

confidence: 65%

Genotipos de maíz con potencial forrajero para las condiciones de secano del estado de Guerrero, México

Alberto

García

Montiel

et al. 2019

Remexca

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El desarrollo de genotipos de maíz (Zea mays L.) para producción de forraje en condiciones de secano es incipiente, debido a que no se ha difundido variedades específicas para tal fin. El objetivo fue identificar híbridos con potencial forrajero para condiciones de secano del estado de Guerrero, México. Se evaluaron 25 genotipos de maíz en condiciones de secano, bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. La unidad experimental consistió de cuatro surcos de 5 m de longitud, 0.8 m de ancho entre surcos, a 0.17 m entre plantas para obtener una densidad de población de 73 529 plantas ha-1. Se fertilizó con la fórmula 120N-60P-00K. Los caracteres estudiados fueron: altura de planta, altura de mazorca, peso de planta, peso de mazorca, rendimiento de forraje verde, de grano y de forraje seco. Los resultados indicaron diferencias altamente significativas en los caracteres estudiados. Los híbridos trilineales experimentales H-H562xHCF2-91, H-H565xHCF2-91, H-H516xHCF2-91, híbrido de cruza simple 329x97 y el testigo H-564C destacaron en rendimiento de forraje verde y los híbridos de cruza simple 1275x1277, 1278x1276, híbridos experimentales H-H516xHCF2-91 y H-H565xHCF2-91 expresaron mayor rendimiento de forraje seco.

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“…one plot per variety) each containing four rows of 12 plants. The density of the sweet corn, six plants per m 2 , is considered to be a medium density (Shelton & Tracy 2013). We included 5 m buffer strips between blocks and a 1 m buffer strip between the corn varieties within one block.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of sweet corn varieties for their potential as a trap crop forHelicoverpa zeaunder tropical conditions

Rhino

Verchere

Thibaut

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pest Management

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Corn (Zea mays) is widely cultivated for human food and animal feed and also provides an ecosystem service as a trap crop for the corn earworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in tomato cropping systems. To be able to use corn as a trap crop for H. zea and to prevent it turning into a source of infestation, varieties are needed that are both attractive and resistant to H. zea. The main objective of this study was to compare the attractiveness to oviposition by H. zea and the resistance to H. zea of 10 sweet corn varieties in field conditions. We found Java, Garrison, Nova and Shinerock varieties that were both attractive to H. zea with a similar or higher number of eggs laid on silks than in the susceptible corn varieties, and resistant to H. zea, with fewer larvea per ear than in susceptible corn varieties. These varieties provide favorable habitats for generalist predators, ants, spiders, minute pirate bugs and lady beetles, which may account for their "dead-end" properties. Tropical farmers now have sweet corn varieties that can serve both as cash crops and as trap crops for H. zea.

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Genetic Variation and Phenotypic Response of 15 Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrids to Population Density

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Reproductive Sink of Sweet Corn in Response to Plant Density and Hybrid

Reproductive Sink of Sweet Corn in Response to Plant Density and Hybrid

Genotipos de maíz con potencial forrajero para las condiciones de secano del estado de Guerrero, México

Field evaluation of sweet corn varieties for their potential as a trap crop forHelicoverpa zeaunder tropical conditions

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