Genetic variation and differentiation of floral morphology in wild Primula sieboldii evaluated by image analysis data and SSR markers

Yoshida, Yasuko; Honjo, Masanori; Kitamoto, Naoko; Ohsawa, Ryo

doi:10.1270/jsbbs.58.301

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In contrast to our results, previous studies of quantitative genetic variation in rare species either found that non-selective processes were sufficient to explain the observed differentiation in quantitative traits among populations, or even found evidence for uniform selection ( Scabiosa canescens , Waldmann and Andersson, 1998 ; Centaurea corymbosa and Brassica insularis , Petit et al ., 2001 ; Liatris scariosa , Gravuer et al ., 2005 ; Primula sieboldii , Yoshida et al ., 2008 ; Psilopeganum sinense , Ye et al ., 2013 ). In small fragmented populations, the effectiveness of selection can be reduced and, because rare species often have a narrow ecological niche, their populations may be exposed to homogeneous selective forces that result in low population differentiation in quantitative traits ( Petit et al ., 2001 ; Ye et al ., 2013 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent selection along climatic gradients in a rare central European endemic species,Saxifraga sponhemica

Walisch¹,

Colling²,

Bodenseh³

et al. 2015

Ann Bot

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Background and Aims The effects of habitat fragmentation on quantitative genetic variation in plant populations are still poorly known. Saxifraga sponhemica is a rare endemic of Central Europe with a disjunct distribution, and a stable and specialized habitat of treeless screes and cliffs. This study therefore used S. sponhemica as a model species to compare quantitative and molecular variation in order to explore (1) the relative importance of drift and selection in shaping the distribution of quantitative genetic variation along climatic gradients; (2) the relationship between plant fitness, quantitative genetic variation, molecular genetic variation and population size; and (3) the relationship between the differentiation of a trait among populations and its evolvability.Methods Genetic variation within and among 22 populations from the whole distribution area of S. sponhemica was studied using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers, and climatic variables were obtained for each site. Seeds were collected from each population and germinated, and seedlings were transplanted into a common garden for determination of variation in plant traits.Key Results In contrast to previous results from rare plant species, strong evidence was found for divergent selection. Most population trait means of S. sponhemica were significantly related to climate gradients, indicating adaptation. Quantitative genetic differentiation increased with geographical distance, even when neutral molecular divergence was controlled for, and QST exceeded FST for some traits. The evolvability of traits was negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation among populations (QST), i.e. traits under strong selection showed little genetic variation within populations. The evolutionary potential of a population was not related to its size, the performance of the population or its neutral genetic diversity. However, performance in the common garden was lower for plants from populations with reduced molecular genetic variation, suggesting inbreeding depression due to genetic erosion.Conclusions The findings suggest that studies of molecular and quantitative genetic variation may provide complementary insights important for the conservation of rare species. The strong differentiation of quantitative traits among populations shows that selection can be an important force for structuring variation in evolutionarily important traits even for rare endemic species restricted to very specific habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent selection along climatic gradients in a rare central European endemic species,Saxifraga sponhemica

Walisch¹,

Colling²,

Bodenseh³

et al. 2015

Ann Bot

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“…low differentiation among populations (Yoshida et al, 2008). These traits were not under directional selection and appeared to be basically selection-neutral.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Reconsideration for conservation units of wildPrimula sieboldiiin Japan based on adaptive diversity and molecular genetic diversity

Yoshida¹,

Honjo²,

Kitamoto³

et al. 2009

Genet. Res.

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SummaryPrimula sieboldii E. Morren is a perennial clonal herb that is widely distributed in Japan, but in danger of extinction in the wild. In a previous study, we revealed the genetic diversity of the species using chloroplast and nuclear DNA and used this information to define conservation units. However, we lacked information on adaptive genetic diversity, which is important for long-term survival and, thus, for the definition of conservation units. In order to identify adaptive traits that showed adaptive differentiation among populations, we studied the genetic variation in six quantitative traits within and among populations for 3 years in a common garden using 110 genets from five natural populations from three regions of Japan. The number of days to bud initiation was adaptive quantitative trait for which the degree of genetic differentiation among populations (Q ST ) was considerably larger than that in eight microsatellite markers (F ST ). The relationship between this trait and environmental factors revealed that the number of days to bud initiation was negatively correlated, with the mean temperature during the growing period at each habitat. This suggests that adaptive differentiation in the delay before bud initiation was caused by selective pressure resulting from temperature differences among habitats. Our results suggest that based on adaptive diversity and neutral genetic diversity, the Saitama population represents a new conservation unit.

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“…Such decline of wild populations might have led to a loss of genetic diversity. The conservation of both wild populations and traditional cultivars of P. sieboldii, which may serve as genebanks (Yoshida et al 2008), is essential to maintain biodiversity and invaluable genetic resources.…”

Section: Traditional Cultivars May Retain Genetic Diversity Lost In Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are among the most popular garden plants in the world (Richards 2003). In Japan, more than 300 cultivars of Primula sieboldii E. Morren (Primulaceae) are known, and show diverse floral characteristics, including traits scarcely found in the wild (Torii 1985, Richards 2003, Yoshioka et al 2005, Yoshida et al 2008. This species is a heterostylous and perennial herb that occurs in moist habitats from Hokkaido to Kyushu in Japan, the Korean peninsula, northeastern China, and eastern Siberia (Yamazaki 1993), and has been bred as a traditional garden herb for some 300 years from the Edo period in Japan (Torii 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of traditional cultivars of Primula sieboldii revealed by nuclear microsatellite and chloroplast DNA variations

et al. 2008

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We examined the origins of 120 cultivars of Primula sieboldii, a popular Japanese pot plant with a cultivation history of more than 300 years. In an assignment test based on the microsatellite allelic composition of representative wild populations of P. sieboldii from the Hokkaido to Kyushu regions of Japan, most cultivars showed the highest likelihood of derivation from wild populations in the Arakawa River floodplain. Chloroplast DNA haplotypes of cultivars also suggested that most cultivars have come from genets originating in wild populations from the same area, but, in addition, that several are descended from genets originating in other regions. The existence of three haplotypes that have not been found in current wild populations suggests that traditional cultivars may retain genetic diversity lost from wild populations.

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Genetic variation and differentiation of floral morphology in wild Primula sieboldii evaluated by image analysis data and SSR markers

Cited by 12 publications

References 29 publications

Divergent selection along climatic gradients in a rare central European endemic species,Saxifraga sponhemica

Divergent selection along climatic gradients in a rare central European endemic species,Saxifraga sponhemica

Reconsideration for conservation units of wildPrimula sieboldiiin Japan based on adaptive diversity and molecular genetic diversity

Origins of traditional cultivars of Primula sieboldii revealed by nuclear microsatellite and chloroplast DNA variations

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