Genetic variation and characterization of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) verdc.] accessions under multi-environments considering yield and yield components performance

Abstract

Bambara groundnut has significant role to play in terms of food security, even though researchers in agriculture have paid very little attention to the crop in the past. This study aimed to investigate the high-yielding accessions in three environments. A total of 34 phenological, vegetative and yield traits were measured and analyzed statistically with R software. There were significant differences in all the traits except for plant height, initial plant stand, panicle length per stem, and petiole length. Across the three environments, TVSU-455 gave the highest values for the total number of pods (42.67), final plant stands (7.67), fresh seed weights (45.83), number of seeds per plant (46.62), hundred seed weight with a value (124.56), dry seed weight (27.14), fresh pod weight (92.65), harvest index of 0.57, yield per plot (45.83) and unshelled yield per plot (550.26). TVSU-455 was the only accession in cluster I of the dendrogram based on its superiority over other accessions. The clustering analysis produced a dendrogram categorizing the 15 accessions into 4 groups based on the vegetative, phenological, and yield traits. There were significant differences among the correlations of the 34 traits. The first two principle components explained 56.16% of the total variation with each dimension accounting for 39.85% and 16. 31% variation, respectively. TVSU-455 can be recommended for stability analysis.

Morphometric diversity of some Nigerian accessions of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea)

“…The analysis of 'locations' showed significant variations for 20 out of the 28 traits evaluated in the years. A similar result was obtained by Esan et al (2023) who reported significant differences in traits of Bambara groundnut evaluated in different regions in Cote d'Ivoire. Yield per plant varied significantly among accessions in the years from 12 to 42 g/plant, indicating that the yield of Bambara groundnut varied widely depending on accessions and environmental conditions.…”

Assessment of Morphological Variations and Crop Performance among Commonly Cultivated Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L) Verdc.) Landraces in Gombe, Nigeria

“…Similarly, another study by [16] to explore the production and utilization of Bambara groundnut in Uganda found that variation exists among different Bambara groundnut landraces in terms of plant growth and development with advance days after germination. [17] also reported similar results from their study on Genetic dissimilarity and classification of Bambara groundnut accessions under environments considering yield and yieldrelated traits. Mean plant heights did not show any significant difference among all the landraces used in this study except at two weeks and ten weeks after planting which showed significant variation among the landraces used (Table 3).…”

Assessment of morphological and chlorophyll content traits in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterannea [verdc L.])

“…The study also showed a negatively significant correlation between the date of maturity and the number of pods per plant (r = -0.05). Esan et al (2023) found significant positive correlations for most of the traits evaluated in Nigerian landraces.…”

“…Similarly, Gerrano et al (2013) and Siwale et al (2022) reported the existence of phenotypic variation among diverse Bambara groundnut accessions in South Africa. Moreover, a study that was conducted in Nigeria also reported the presence of phenotypic variation among tested Bambara groundnut landraces (Esan, Oke & Ogunbode 2023). Zongo et al (2023) also reported significant differences among the Bambara groundnut genotypes in Niger.…”