Genetic variation analysis of PCV1 strains isolated from Guangxi Province of China in 2015

Abstract

BackgroundPorcine circovirus type 1 (PCV1) was discovered in 1974 as a contaminant of a porcine kidney (PK-15) cell line and was generally accepted to be nonpathogenic. But recently it was shown to cause lesions in experimentally infected pig fetuses. Serological evidence and genetic studies suggested that PCV1 was widespread in domestic pigs. Thus, the molecular epidemiology and genetic variation of PCV1 are still necessary to understand.ResultsHere 247 tissue samples were collected from piglets in Guangxi Province, China and performed whole-genome sequencing of the PCV1 genome. Thirteen PCV1 strains were sequenced from the samples. Similarity analysis showed that there were 97.8% to 99.6% nucleotide similarity to each other and 97.1% to 99.8% nucleotide similarity to the 40 reference strains. Besides, based on sequence analysis, we found one putative recombinant virus named GXdx84 strain contained the open-reading frame 1 (ORF1) of PCV1 and the ORF2 of PCV2d-2, which was consistent with the results of phylogenetic analysis that compared PCV1 and PCV2 strains. Variation analysis of the amino acids of the capsid protein revealed that the GXyl224 strain, which encoded 235 amino acids, had two amino acids more than other strains. This is the first study to report that a cap gene mutation resulted in lengthening of in the gene sequence.ConclusionsThese data contribute to the understanding of PCV1 evolution and molecular epidemiology that will facilitate programs for its control and prevention.

Novel genotype definition and genome characteristics of duck circovirus in central and Eastern China

“…The six strains from Fujian Province possessed two recombination regions: minor parents KP943594 and EU499309 (DuCV2) and major parents AY228555 (DuCV‐1a) and MK814587 (DuCV‐1d). These results showed that the novel DuCVs of DuCV‐1d may derive from inter‐genotypic and intra‐genotypic recombination, and a similar recombination event was reported in porcine circovirus (Cao et al., 2018).…”

“…However, six strains (FJ01, FJ02, FJ03, FJ05, ZJ01 and AH04) were distributed MK814587 (DuCV-1d). These results showed that the novel DuCVs of DuCV-1d may derive from inter-genotypic and intra-genotypic recombination, and a similar recombination event was reported in porcine circovirus (Cao et al, 2018 antigen epitope prediction, the change of R to H/Q at loci 82 of ORF2 was remarkable. These results suggest that these mutations may be associated with immunologic pressure in ducks suffering persistent infection (Grenfell, Gog, Daly, & Holmes, 2004).…”

Development of a multiplex PCR to detect and discriminate porcine circoviruses in clinical specimens

“…And a new type of porcine circovirus in swine, a type 1 and type 2 PCV recombinant was isolated from swine samples [28]. There could be a potential damage to the piglets’ immune system caused by PCV1 infection [29]. Both PCV1 and PCV2 infections are common in pig herds worldwide [30], and PCV3 is already widely outbroken and distributed on pig farms in many countries [2, 8, 12, 13].…”

An epidemiological investigation of porcine circovirus 3 infection in dogs in the Guangxi Province from 2015 to 2017, China

“…Porcine circovirus (PCV) is the smallest autonomously replicating virus with a genome length of 1.7 kb (Cao et al, 2018;Lv et al, 2014).…”