Genetic variants of uncoupling proteins-2 and -3 in relation to maximal oxygen uptake in different sports.

Abstract

Uncoupling proteins 2 and 3 (UCP2 and UCP3) as mitochondrial electron transporters are involved in regulation of ATP production and energy dissipation as heat. Energy efficiency plays an important role in physical performance, especially in aerobic fitness. The aim of this study was to examine the association between maximal oxygen uptake and genetic variants of the UCP2 and UCP3 genes. The studies were carried out in a group of 154 men and 85 women, professional athletes representing various sports and fitness levels and students of the University of Physical Education in Poznań. Physiological and molecular procedures were used, i.e. direct measurement of maximum oxygen uptake (VO₂max) and analysis of an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the 3'untranslated region of exon 8 of the UCP2 gene and a C>T substitution in exon 5 (Y210Y) of the UCP3 gene. No statistically significant associations were found, only certain trends. Insertion allele (I) of the I/D UCP2 and the T allele of the UCP3 gene were favourable in obtaining higher VO₂max level and might be considered as endurance-related alleles.

Polygenic Study of Endurance‐Associated Genetic MarkersNOS3(Glu298Asp),BDKRB2(‐9/+9),UCP2(Ala55Val),AMPD1(Gln45Ter) andACE(I/D) in Polish Male Half Marathoners

“…We conducted an analysis of genetic markers such as ACE (I/D) (rs4340), NOS3 (Glu298Asp) (rs1799983), BDKRB2 (-9/+9) (rs5810761), UCP2 (Ala55Val) (rs660339), AMPD1 (Gln45Ter) (rs17602729) on a large, performance-homogenous cohort of elite half marathoners. These variants were chosen based on previous association studies on different populations (Ahmetov et al, 2008; Montgomery et al, 1998 ) and because of their impact on human variability in one or more endurance phenotypic traits (Cięszczyk et al, 2009; Holdys et al, 2013 ; Sawczuk et al, 2013 ).…”

“…Most studies analyze just one polymorphism (Gronek and Holdys, 2013 ) and populations of endurance athletes that are generally from aerobic-anaerobic sporting disciplines ( Holdys et al, 2011 , 2013) and different ethnic/geographical origins ( Zarebska et al, 2017 ), or combined with amateurs ( Wilkinson et al, 2013 ). We decided to compare data of Polish half marathoners with personal time less and more than 100 min.…”

“…The UCP2 (location: 11q13) is widely expressed in the muscles, heart, kidneys, lungs, spleen, central nervous system and white adipose tissue (Fleury and Sanchis, 1999). In adipose tissue, energy coupling with ADP phosphorylation is only partial, because uncoupling proteins induce a proton leak, releasing the energy stored in ATP as heat ( Holdys et al, 2013 ). However, the physiological role of UCP2 is not clear.…”

“…Aerobic training leads to increased intensity in expression of the UCP2 in skeletal muscles and the heart. Holdys et al (2013) observed the association of maximum oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) with I/D polymorphism in exon 8 of the UCP2 gene. Additionally, the Val allele of another important and common Ala55Val polymorphism (rs660339 C/T) in the UCP2 gene has been also associated with higher VO 2max (Ahmetov et al, 2008), higher exercise efficiency ( Buemann et al, 2001 ), enhanced metabolic efficiency, physical activity ( Astrup et al, 1999 ) and endurance athlete status ( Ahmetov et al, 2009 ).…”

Cinnamon hydro alcoholic extract increased expression level of UCP3 gene in skeletal muscle of obese male Wistar Rats

“…UCP2 and UCP3 as mitochondrial electron transporters are involved in ATP production and energy wastage regulation as heat. Energy output has an important role in physical performance, especially in aerobic fitness (Holdys et al, 2013). UCP3 could be an interesting target for pharmacological up regulation in the treatment of obesity and diabetes.…”