Genetic variability of fragmented stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in Finland

Vakkari, Pekka; Blom, Åsa; Rusanen, Mari; Raisio, Juha; Toivonen, Heikki

doi:10.1007/s10709-005-4014-7

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The patterns observed here for nuclear microsatellite loci seem largely consistent with those previously reported for chloroplast DNA: differentiation among Q. robur populations in northern Europe is on average higher than in central Europe (Petit et al 2002b;Vakkari et al 2006). Together with these earlier findings, our results support the theory of higher genetic differentiation among populations at species' geographic range margins (Eckert et al 2008).…”

Section: Regional Differentiation Among Oak Populationssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Together with these earlier findings, our results support the theory of higher genetic differentiation among populations at species' geographic range margins (Eckert et al 2008). Consistent with this theory, the amount of genetic variation within Finnish oak populations has also been found to be lower than that of central populations (Vakkari et al 2006;Pohjanmies et al 2015). Congruous patterns have also been reported for other tree species in Finland, e.g.…”

Section: Regional Differentiation Among Oak Populationssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Its current distribu-tion in Finland is a result of climatic and geological changes after the last glacial period (Ferris et al 1998) and, more recently, of human land and resource use. As a consequence, the present populations are relatively small and strongly fragmented (Ollinmaa 1952;Vakkari et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Fragmentation-related patterns of genetic differentiation in pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) at two hierarchical scales

Pohjanmies¹,

Elshibli²,

Pulkkinen³

et al. 2016

Silva Fenn.

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Highlights• While long-lived, widespread tree species should be resistant to genetic impoverishment, we detected high differentiation among populations and pronounced genetic structure within populations of Quercus robur in Finland.• These patterns seem indicative of population processes active at range margins, and of disequilibrium following historic habitat change. • Preservation of remaining genetic variation is thus important in the conservation of Q. robur. AbstractPopulations at species' range margins are expected to show lower genetic diversity than populations at the core of the range. Yet, long-lived, widespread tree species are expected to be resistant to genetic impoverishment, thus showing comparatively high genetic diversity within populations and low differentiation among populations. Here, we study the distribution of genetic variation in the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) at its range margin in Finland at two hierarchical scales using 15 microsatellite loci. At a regional scale, we compared variation within versus among three oak populations. At a landscape scale, we examined genetic structuring within one of these populations, growing on an island of ca 5 km 2 . As expected, we found the majority of genetic variation in Q. robur to occur within populations. Nonetheless, differentiation among populations was markedly high (F ST = 0.12) compared with values reported for populations of Q. robur closer to the core of its range. At the landscape level, some spatial and temporal sub-structuring was observed, likely explained by the history of land-use on the island. Overall, Q. robur fulfils the expectation of the central-marginal hypothesis of high differentiation among marginal populations, but the notable population differentiation has most likely been influenced also by the long, ongoing fragmentation of populations. Finnish oak populations may still be adjusting to the drastic habitat changes of the past centuries. Preservation of genetic variation within the remaining stands is thus an important factor in the conservation of Q. robur at its range margin.

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Section: Regional Differentiation Among Oak Populationssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Regional Differentiation Among Oak Populationssupporting

confidence: 90%

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Fragmentation-related patterns of genetic differentiation in pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) at two hierarchical scales

Pohjanmies¹,

Elshibli²,

Pulkkinen³

et al. 2016

Silva Fenn.

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“…Also contrary to the expectation, our estimate for the population differentiation (F st = 0.29) is considerably higher than the averages in Hamrick et al (1992), G st = 0.077 for wind-pollinated and F st = 0.076 for wind-dispersed species. Specifically, low levels of population differentiation have been reported for wind pollinated broadleaved tree species: for Fagus sylvatica F st = 0.02 (Konnert 1995), for Quercus robur F st = 0.066 (Vakkari et al 2006) and for Betula pendula F st = 0.032 (Rusanen et al 2003). The high differentiation in Finnish U. laevis populations is remarkable also considering the small distribution area, since the magnitude of observed differentiation is influenced by the geographic size of the sampled area if the populations follow isolation-by-distance rule (e.g.…”

Section: Ecological Traits and Patterns Of Genetic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High genetic differentiation in marginal populations of European white elm (Ulmus laevis)

Vakkari¹,

Rusanen²,

Kärkkäinen³

2009

Silva Fenn.

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Studies on the amount of genetic variation in marginal populations and differentiation between them are essential for assessment of best gene conservation strategies and sampling schemes. Thirteen marginal populations of Ulmus laevis in southern Finland and one in Estonia were investigated for genetic variation in 20 allozyme loci. Population differentiation among Finnish stands was high, F st = 0.290, and mean genetic diversity low, H e = 0.088. The differentiation follows the isolation-by-distance structure within the core of the distribution area (lake Vanajavesi). Fairly high frequency of recurrent genotypes was observed, but this did not have an influence on the genetic parameters. The observed genetic structure is consistent with the central-marginal hypothesis. In the light of the results, the Finnish gene conservation strategy for U. laevis seems to be on a sound basis.

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“…Evidence on the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation for forest-dwelling plant species in Europe is contradictory. While human-mediated habitat fragmentation, for instance, in common beech (Fagus sylvatica) increased inbreeding [4] or diminished genetic variation in pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) [5], genetic effects on common ash (Fraxinus excelsior) due to fragmentation were hardly detectable [6]. Such contradictory results in forest tree species have various explanations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Population Genetic Consequences of Habitat Fragmentation in Central European Forest Trees and Associated Understorey Species—An Introductory Survey

Dobeš¹,

Konrad²,

Geburek³

2017

Diversity

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Abstract:Habitat fragmentation threatens the maintenance of genetic diversity of affected populations. Assessment of the risks associated with habitat fragmentation is a big challenge as the change in population genetic diversity is a dynamic process, often acting over long time periods and depending on various characteristics pertaining to both species (life history traits) and their populations (extrinsic characteristics). With this survey, we provide an introductory overview for persons who have to make or are interested in making predictions about the fate of forest-dwelling plant populations which have recently become fragmented and isolated from their main occurrences. We provide a concise introduction to the field of population genetics focusing on terms, processes and phenomena relevant to the maintenance of genetic diversity and vitality of plant populations. In particular the antagonistic effects of gene flow and random genetic drift are covered. A special chapter is devoted to Central European tree species (including the Carpathians) which we treat in detail with reference to an extensive literature survey on population genetic studies assembled from the whole of Europe. We further provide an overview of the population biology of associated understorey species. We conclude with recommended steps to be taken for the evaluation of potential perils of habitat fragmentation or population thinning for the genetics of tree populations. The complexity of effects exerted by life history traits and extrinsic characteristics of populations suggest population genetic development is strongly situation dependent. Therefore, we recommend following a case-by-case approach ideally supported by computer simulations to predict future population genetic development of both trees and associated understorey species.

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Genetic variability of fragmented stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) in Finland

Cited by 34 publications

References 45 publications

Fragmentation-related patterns of genetic differentiation in pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) at two hierarchical scales

Fragmentation-related patterns of genetic differentiation in pedunculate oak (<i>Quercus robur</i>) at two hierarchical scales

High genetic differentiation in marginal populations of European white elm (Ulmus laevis)

Potential Population Genetic Consequences of Habitat Fragmentation in Central European Forest Trees and Associated Understorey Species—An Introductory Survey

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