Genetic variability of Blastocystis sp. isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in Iran

Moosavi, Ali; Haghighi, Ali; Nazemalhosseini‐Mojarad, Ehsan; Zayeri, Farid; Alebouyeh, Masoud; Khazan, Hooshang; Kazemi, Bahram; Zali, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1007/s00436-012-3085-5

Cited by 91 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Scanlan et al [6] developed and applied Blastocystis STspecific nested PCR assay for investigation the most common subtypes of Blastocystis (ST1 -ST4) to a healthy human cohort (n = 50) and detected mixed infections in 22% of the cases, all of which had been identified as single-ST infections in a previous study. The obtained results show that certain STs are predominant as either single (ST3 and 4) or occur mixed (ST1), and comparative analyses with other primers used extensively previously [64,65] for STspecific analysis, found them unsuitable for detection of mixed-and, in some cases, single-ST infections. The authors underline that the development of these nested PCR assays will facilitate future work on molecular epidemiology, and the significance of mixed infections in healthy and disease cohorts.…”

Section: Mixed Infectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Skotarczak¹

2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic protist which lives in the intestinal tract of diverse animals, including humans. It was found that the host specificity and the pathogenic potential of different isolates are correlated with sequence variations in the SSU-rRNA gene. Identification of the organism to the species level is still an unresolved challenge. Genetic diversity revisions have led to the identification of 17 subtypes (STs) within the Blastocystis genus, and 9 (ST1 to ST9) have been reported in humans with varying prevalence. Since the members of the genus revealed a large genetic diversity, several molecular modalities of subtyping methods have been developed. Numerous studies on conveying the pathogenic potential to the molecular subtypes are available, but they could not be compared or analysed with the different molecular techniques employed. The use of different approaches may give false positives during diagnosis and the possibility of missed infections. A review of recent scientific literature indicates that the development of PCR assays is needed for molecular epidemiology and for mixed infections in health and disease cohorts, and also to help identify sources of Blastocystis transmission to humans, as well as to identify potential animal and environmental reservoirs. This review summarizes some of the recent progress and improvements in Blastocystis research on genetic diversity, taxonomy, molecular epidemiology, pathogenicity and subtyping methods.

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Section: Mixed Infectionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Skotarczak¹

2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…These new sequences were aligned with the use of the BioEdit v7.0.1 package (http://www.mbio .ncsu.edu:BioEdit/bioedit.html), and then compared with all the Blastocystis SSU rRNA gene sequences available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) program. Subtypes were identified by determining the closest similarity against all known Blastocystis STs according to the last classification by Stensvold 18,19 It could roughly reflect the overall carriage rate of the parasite in the Lebanese population because most patients included in this study were followed up for various pathologies other than intestinal or were asymptomatic. However, the prevalence of Blastocystis in our Lebanese population was more likely underestimated because several authors 15,17 pointed out the poor sensitivity of DLM compared with either non-qPCR or qPCR assays.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most countries around the world, a majority of human Blastocystis infections were attributable to ST3 isolates 16 ; this was also the case in the Lebanese population even if the frequencies of ST1 and ST2 were identical or roughly similar to that of ST3. The ST distribution in Lebanon can now be compared with those of other Middle Eastern countries such as Iran 19 and to neighboring countries ; (St) and (Sc): non-qPCR using the primer pair described by Stensvold and others 15 and Scicluna and others, 14 respectively. †Determined in the common region of two clones sequenced for each sample.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Strikingly, 10 of 11 ST1 isolates composed the symptomatic group and a statistical analysis done with GraphPad Prism 5.0 (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA) using the Fisher's exact test showed a significant association between ST1 and gastrointestinal symptoms (P = 0.0113). Recently, epidemiological surveys have reported the frequency of STs from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in China, 27 Turkey, 28 and Iran 19 and showed that ST1 was over-represented in groups of symptomatic patients. Moreover, ST1 was the most prevalent ST of Blastocystis in patients with IBS 24,29 and human ST1 isolates were associated with elevated pathogenicity in experimentally infected rats.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis in Lebanon and Correlation between Subtype 1 and Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Safadi¹,

Meloni²,

Poirier³

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Blastocystis is the most common eukaryotic parasite in the intestinal tract of humans. Because of its potential impact in public health, we acquired the first data concerning the prevalence of this parasite and the frequency of the Blastocystis subtypes (STs) in the Lebanese population. In this study, fecal samples from 220 Lebanese symptomatic and asymptomatic patients were collected and a total of 42 patients (19%) were identified as positive for this parasite by directlight microscopy of smears. Among these, 36 Blastocystis isolates were genotyped using partial small subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The ST distribution in the present Lebanese population was as follows:

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“…In Iran, information about Blastocystis subtypes is restricted to a few studies (14)(15)(16)(17) and only one study has investigated the relationship between Blastocystis sp. and IBS (18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

Beiromvand

Hashemi

Arjmand

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Blastocystis is one of the most common anaerobic protozoa found in the intestinal tract of humans and various animals, with a worldwide distribution. The parasite has been linked to the pathogenesis of the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), previously. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Blastocystis in IBS patients compared to healthy individuals. Methods: The collected feces from 152 patients with Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, and 130 healthy volunteers from Ahvaz, southwest Iran, were examined using the direct saline smear, Lugol's iodine staining, and inoculated in a Jones' medium for Blastocystis detection. The DNA was extracted from all culture-positive samples, and then the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed by the SSU-rDNA gene. Results: Blastocystis was identified in 18 (6.4%) samples, including two (1.3%) of the IBS patients and 16 (12.3%) of the control group by microscopy. Stool culture was positive in 15 with IBS, one without IBS, and 40 control samples. From these, the expected 600 bp fragments of the SSU-rDNA gene were identified in 15 (27.3%) cases and 40 (72.7%) controls. Subtypes (STs) 1, 2, and 3 were identified from the 54 successfully sequenced samples. Subtype 3 was the most common ST with the frequency of 46.3%, followed by ST2, 37% and ST1, 16.7% in the case and control groups. The highest frequency of Blastocystis STs (27.8%) was identified in the age group of 31-40 years and the lowest was found in the age groups of under 10 years and over 81 years. Conclusions:The findings of the current study showed that Blastocystis was more common in the control group compared to the IBS patients. Therefore, our findings highlight the contrast between Blastocystis infection and GI disorders. Furthermore, these results support the hypothesis that Blastocystis could be a GI health marker.

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Genetic variability of Blastocystis sp. isolated from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals in Iran

Cited by 91 publications

References 31 publications

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Blastocystis

Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis in Lebanon and Correlation between Subtype 1 and Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Comparative Prevalence of Blastocystis in Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Healthy Individuals: A Case Control Study

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