Genetic variability in wild cherry populations in France. Effects of colonizing processes

Mariette, Stéphanie; Lefranc, Madeleine; Legrand, P.; Taneyhill, Dale E.; Frascaria‐Lacoste, Nathalie; Machon, Nathalie

doi:10.1007/s001220050494

Cited by 34 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The present scattered distribution of populations and the fact that it is an insect pollinated species would suggest a potential differentiation between populations (Hamrick et al, 1992;Myking, 2002). The low level of differentiation between populations (θ = 0.030) is, however, in accordance with results reported for species with similar life history traits (Prunus avium L. (G ST = 0.014) (Mariette et al, 2004) and Sorbus aucuparia L. (θ = 0.043) (Bacles et al, 2004) (1985). Under this hypothesis, the maintenance of a high gene diversity would be attributable to the long juvenile period of trees reducing the founder effect by allowing colonization by a great number of immigrants before initial seed set (Austerlitz et al, 2000;Mariette et al, 2004).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Within and Among Wild Populationssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The low level of differentiation between populations (θ = 0.030) is, however, in accordance with results reported for species with similar life history traits (Prunus avium L. (G ST = 0.014) (Mariette et al, 2004) and Sorbus aucuparia L. (θ = 0.043) (Bacles et al, 2004) (1985). Under this hypothesis, the maintenance of a high gene diversity would be attributable to the long juvenile period of trees reducing the founder effect by allowing colonization by a great number of immigrants before initial seed set (Austerlitz et al, 2000;Mariette et al, 2004). Long distance seed dispersal between established populations might have played only a minor role in maintaining gene diversity and reducing differentiation, as germination and establishment of M. sylvestris is hampered in a closed stand (Buttenschøn and Buttenschøn, 1998).…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Within and Among Wild Populationssupporting

confidence: 88%

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Hybridization and genetic variation in Danish populations of European crab apple (Malus sylvestris)

Larsen

Asmussen²,

Coart³

et al. 2006

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic variation in Danish populations of the endangered European crab apple (Malus sylvestris). Special emphasis was given to hybridization between the wild species and its cultivated relative Malus ×domestica. A total of 178 wild individuals from four Danish populations were studied along with a reference sample of 29 old cultivars. The genetic variation within and among samples was studied at ten microsatellite marker loci. Additionally, a morphological analysis was carried out to identify hybrids and test for correspondence between phenotypic and genotypic indices of hybridization.From application of ordination and a model based cluster analysis to the molecular data, two clusters were identified consisting of wild and cultivated individuals respectively. This indicates that pronounced admixture between the two species is not present. At the population level, a high correspondence was found between geographic isolation from M. ×domestica and genotypic and morphological indices of hybridization. As expected, isolated populations appeared less affected by hybridization than poorly isolated populations. Isolated 'pure' M. sylvestris populations could thus be identified. However, morphological and molecular evidence of hybridization was found to be divergent at the individual level. This is suggestive of some historical introgression into the M. sylvestris gene pool, and indicates that relying exclusively on either morphological or molecular characters as diagnostic markers in studies of hybridization between M. ×domestica and M. sylvestris might lead to fallible results. Combined application of genetic and morphological markers is therefore recommended.3

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Section: Genetic Diversity Within and Among Wild Populationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Genetic Diversity Within and Among Wild Populationssupporting

confidence: 88%

Hybridization and genetic variation in Danish populations of European crab apple (Malus sylvestris)

Larsen

Asmussen²,

Coart³

et al. 2006

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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“…Our sets of specific markers are stable with many P. avium samples (unpublished data), but the classification of markers was based on some unproven assumptions. The genetic diversity of P. avium has been shown to be weakly spatially structured (Mariette et al, 1997;Mohanty et al, 2001), but we have no data about impacts on the genetic diversity of any population bottleneck which could have accompanied the constitution of P. cerasus, nor the genetic drift since this constitution. Moreover, Beaver et al (1995) suggested that P. fruticosa, P. cerasus and P. avium share a common gene pool and/or are continually sharing alleles through introgression.…”

Section: Detection Of Genome-specific Markersmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Our inability to unambiguously define the origin of the A genome of P. cerasus is probably due to the low number of P. avium genotypes in our sample, which is not large enough to represent the whole genetic diversity of this species. Moreover, the low geographic differentiation in P. avium makes this determination difficult (Mariette et al, 1997;Mohanty et al, 2001).…”

Section: Origin Of P Cerasusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic relationships between diploid and allotetraploid cherry species (Prunus avium, Prunus × gondouinii and Prunus cerasus)

Tavaud¹,

Zanetto²,

David³

et al. 2004

Heredity

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Prunus avium L. (diploid, AA, 2n ¼ 2x ¼ 16), Prunus cerasus L. (allotetraploïd, AAFF, 2n ¼ 4x ¼ 32) species, and their hybrid Prunus Â gondouinii Rehd., constitute the most widely cultivated cherry tree species. P. cerasus is supposed to be an hybrid species produced by the union of unreduced P. avium gametes and normal P. fruticosa gametes. A continuum of morphological traits between these three species makes their assignation difficult. The aim of this paper is to study the genetic relationships between tetraploid and diploid cherry species. In all, 114 genotypes belonging to these species were analyzed using 75 AFLP markers. The coordinates of these genotypes on the first axis of a correspondence analysis allowed us to clearly distinguish each species, to identify misclassifications and to assign unknown genotypes to one species. We showed that there are specific alleles in P. cerasus, which are not present in the A genome of P. avium and which probably come from the F genome of P. cerasus. The frequencies of each marker in the A and the F genomes were estimated in order to identify A and F specific markers. We discuss the utility of these specific markers for finding the origin of the A and F genomes in the allopolyploid species.

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“…Their results show that, in species with a long juvenile phase and a delayed first reproductive event, the colonization process is primarily sustained by new migrants from the source population, in numbers large enough to mitigate founder effects. For several tree species, it was shown that founder effects did not occur after colonization events (Mariette et al, 1997;Raspé and Jacquemart, 1998;Cespedes et al, 2003;Lefevre et al, 2004), but along altitudinal gradients there could be a different trend. In fact, Taira et al (1997) and Premoli (2003) found in Cryptomeria japonica and Nothofagus pumilio a decrease of within-population genetic variation with increasing elevation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

et al. 2009

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At treeline, selection by harsh environmental conditions sets an upward limit to arboreal vegetation. Increasing temperatures and the decline of traditional animal raising have favoured an upward shift of treeline in the last decades. These circumstances create a unique opportunity to study the balance of the main forces (selection and gene flow) that drive tree migration. We conducted a parentage analysis sampling and genotyping with five microsatellite markers in all Norway spruce individuals (342 juveniles and 23 adults) found in a recently colonized treeline area (Paneveggio forest, Eastern Alps, Italy). Our goal was to evaluate local reproductive success versus gene flow from the outside. We were able to identify both parents among local adults for only 11.1% of the juveniles. In the gamete pool we sampled, two-thirds were not produced locally. Effective seed dispersal distance distribution was characterized by a peak far from the seed source (mean 344.66 m ± 191.02 s.d.). Reproductive success was skewed, with six local adults that generated almost two-thirds (62.4%) of juveniles with local parents. Our findings indicate that, although a few local adults seem to play an important role in the colonization process at treeline, large levels of gene flow from outside were maintained, suggesting that the potential advantages of local adults (such as local adaptation, proximity to the colonization area, phenological synchrony) did not prevent a large gamete immigration.

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Genetic variability in wild cherry populations in France. Effects of colonizing processes

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Hybridization and genetic variation in Danish populations of European crab apple (Malus sylvestris)

Hybridization and genetic variation in Danish populations of European crab apple (Malus sylvestris)

Genetic relationships between diploid and allotetraploid cherry species (Prunus avium, Prunus × gondouinii and Prunus cerasus)

Spruce colonization at treeline: where do those seeds come from?

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