Genetic Variability in East Asian Dogs Using Microsatellite Loci Analysis

Abstract

An analysis of eight microsatellite loci in 213 animals was performed to define the genetic structure and variability of 11 East Asian native dog populations. Allele diversity, observed heterozygosities, expected heterozygosities, F-statistics, G(ST) estimates, number of migrants per generation (Nm), and Nei's DA distance were calculated. Expected mean heterozygosities of Asian native dogs varied within a range of 0.310-0.718 with a mean value of 0.580. In a sample of 11 Asian dogs, the highest genetic diversity was exhibited in the Korean native dogs and the lowest in the Shiba, the Japanese native dog. All populations except the Kishu and Akita showed statistically significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at more than one locus. After corrections for multiple significance tests, deviations over all loci were statistically significant in 7 of 11 dog populations, meaning that Asian dogs are genetically subdivided (global F(ST) = 0.154). Despite the locus-specific deviations, statistically significant departures from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium reflect deviations in the direction of heterozygote deficit, the global F(IS) being 0.072. In the neighbor-joining and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrograms based on Nei's DA distance, the Korean native breeds (the Sapsaree and the Jindo) were grouped together, then with the Eskimo dog. The two Japanese native dogs (the Hokkaido and the Akita) also clustered together, with moderate bootstrap support. In spite of some deviation, the three-dimensional scattergram based on principal components supported the conclusions suggested by the dendrograms based on Nei's DA distance. From these two analyses, the Korean native dogs formed the closest groups and then showed a close relationship to the Eskimo dogs, reflecting the fact that the Korean native dogs might be originated from dogs in the northern part of Far East Asia.

Canine Polydactyl Mutations With Heterogeneous Origin in the Conserved Intronic Sequence of LMBR1

“…According to previous phylogenetic analyses with mitochondrial (Leonard et al 2002;Savolainen et al 2002) and microsatellite ) markers, Western breeds share a fairly recent ancestor. A neighbor-joining tree showing a genealogical relationship was drawn (Figure 2) on the basis of previous reports ) with an addition of the Sapsaree and other native Asian dogs (Kim et al 2001). When this tree was juxtaposed with haplotype patterns found in each breed, only a subset of 10 haplotypes was identified in the breeds of Western origin.…”

Genetic characterization of four native Italian shepherd dog breeds and analysis of their relationship to cosmopolitan dog breeds using microsatellite markers

“…Autosomal microsatellites have also been utilized to study genetic diversity in several dog breeds. In dogs, microsatellite typing, combined with phylogenetic † E-mail: daniele.bigi@unibo.it Animal (2015), 9:12, pp 1921-1928 (Kim et al, 2001;Irion et al, 2003;Parker et al, 2004;Wade, 2011;Ciampolini et al, 2013;Mellanby et al, 2013). However, these studies have focused mainly on cosmopolitan breeds, while peripheral breeds have been studied less.…”

Genetic Variability inBracco ItalianoDog Breed Assessed by Pedigree Data

“…For these reasons genetic typifying is an important preliminary step in any safeguard biodiversity program. The genetic variability of a population can be estimated from genealogical data (Cecchi et al, 2009;Grazewska, 2007;Leroy et al, 2006;Leroy et al, 2009;Maki et al, 2001) or using the short tandem repeat (STR) molecular markers (Kim et al, 2001;Koskinen et al, 2000;Leroy et al, 2009). At the present several researches used SNPs ( Quignon et al, 2007;vonHoldt et al, 2010;Wayne and vonHoldt, 2012) because of the ease in genotyping a biallelic marker and the ability to multiplex thousands of markers in one reaction (Parker, 2012).…”