Genetic variability and population structure in the canker pathogen Crumenulopsis sororia

Ennos, Richard A.; Swales, KE

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80062-2

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Thus, the history of populations, the reproductive Infrastructure of Pleurotus from umbellifers system of P. eryngii, allochrony, and co-evolution phenomena with the host plant favour high intraspecific heterogeneity. Similar isozyme diversity has been reported in populations of Puccinia graminis (Burdon & Roelfs, 1983), Morchella esculenta (Yoon et al, 1990), Crumenulopsis sororia (Ennos & Swales, 1991), Agaricus bitorquis (Roux & Labare' re, 1990) and Pleurotus spp. (Zervakis et al, 1994).…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Biochemical And Molecular Datasupporting

confidence: 83%

Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters

2001

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The Pleurotus eryngii species-complex includes populations of choice edible mushrooms, growing in the greater Mediterranean area in close association with different genera of plants of the family Apiaceae. Their distinct hostspecialization served as the principal criterion for the discrimination of several taxa ; however, the genetic relationships among the various P. eryngii ecotypes remain ambiguous. In the present study, 46 Pleurotus strains with a wide range of geographical origins were isolated from Eryngium spp., Ferula communis, Cachrys ferulacea, Thapsia garganica and Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. asclepium, and were subjected to isozyme and random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR (RAPD) analysis. The 16 enzyme activities tested were controlled by 28 loci, 11 of which were monomorphic. Host-exclusive zymograms for the Aph (acid phosphatase) and Phe-1 (dopa-phenoloxidase) loci were obtained from Pleurotus strains associated with C. ferulacea. Allele frequencies, genetic diversity and mean diversity were high for isolates from Eryngium spp. and Ferula communis. In RAPD analysis, the use of five primers allowed the production of 45 (out of 48) polymorphic bands, while four molecular markers specific for the identification of Pleurotus strains growing on E. asclepium subsp. asclepium and C. ferulacea were obtained. The Pleurotus strains produced 35 distinct electrophoretic types and 42 RAPD patterns, which independently permitted the separation of the fungal populations into five clusters in accordance with their host-specificity. In addition, the evaluation of the principal ecological and morphological characters provided further evidence for discriminating between P. nebrodensis growing on C. ferulacea and the rest of the host-associated populations. The latter represent taxa at the varietal level : P. eryngii var. eryngii, P. eryngii var. ferulae and P. eryngii var. elaeoselini. The position of taxa of dubious validity, such as P. hadamardii and P. fossulatus, is discussed in relation to the new findings. All Mediterranean Pleurotus populations growing on umbellifers seem to have recently diverged through a sympatric speciation process, that is based on both intrinsic reproductive barriers and extrinsic ecogeographical factors.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Biochemical And Molecular Datasupporting

confidence: 83%

Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters

2001

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“…Estimates of genetic differentiation calculated from RAPDs, using pseudo‐allelic frequencies derived from fragment frequencies, were comparable to those of other outcrossing fungal species, for studies that used either RAPD phenotypic data ( Hamelin et al 1994 ), isoenzyme data ( Ennos & Swales 1991) or RFLP loci ( Boeger et al 1993 ). In these previous studies, similar low levels of genetic variation among populations were reported, with average G ST values ranging from 0.039 to 0.061.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Genetic variability and structure of Canadian populations of Chondrostereum purpureum, a potential biophytocide

1999

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Genetic diversity was studied in four Canadian ecological populations, each corresponding to a Canadian ecozone, of Chondrostereum purpureum, including 93 isolates of various host origin. Pseudo‐allelic frequencies were estimated at each of 22 putative RAPD loci by scoring for presence or absence of amplicons in haploid mycelial cultures. The analysis of the hierarchical population structure did not reveal any trend with regard to ecological or host origin. Total gene diversity (HT† = 0.288) was mostly attributable to diversity within populations (HS† = 0.269). In addition, the AMOVA analysis detected most of the molecular variability within subpopulations (89.3%; P < 0.001), whereas a significant (7.3%; P = 0.001) proportion of the gene diversity was found among subpopulations, within ecozones. The results indicate that C. purpureum is a highly heterogeneous pathogen with a continuously distributed population across Canada (GST† = 0.048), and underscore the importance of considering the population structure in the process of its registration as a microbial control agent. A genotype isolated in either central or eastern Canada (ecozones 2, 4 and 5 populations) and selected for its potential as a biophytocide should be considered indigenous in any of these regions of intended use.

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“…Variation in resistance, infectivity or infection intensity either within (Parker, 1989; Jarosz & Burdon, 1990; Burdon & Jarosz, 1991; Sorci et al ., 1997) or among (Kaltz & Shykoff, 1998; Van Zandt & Mopper, 1998) populations of parasites or hosts has been shown repeatedly. However, only few studies have considered both the within‐ and among‐population level (Parker, 1985; Burdon, 1987; Ennos & Swales, 1991; Ebert et al ., 1998; Imhoof & Schmid‐Hempel, 1998), and even fewer have looked at both levels in host and parasite simultaneously (de Nooij & van Damme, 1988a,b; Jarosz & Burdon, 1991; Bevan et al ., 1993a,b). Moreover, while gene‐for‐gene specificity has been demonstrated in agricultural systems (Thompson & Burdon, 1992), explicit tests for host × parasite genotype interactions within natural populations are surprisingly rare (Burdon & Jarosz, 1991; Jarosz & Burdon, 1991; Bevan et al ., 1993a,b; Carius et al ., 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Within- and among-population variation in infectivity, latency and spore production in a host–pathogen system

Kaltz

Shykoff

2002

Journal of Evolutionary Biology

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In spatially structured populations, host-parasite coevolutionary potential depends on the distribution of genetic variation within and among populations. Inoculation experiments using the plant, Silene latifolia, and its fungal pathogen, Microbotryum violaceum, revealed little overall differentiation in infectivity ⁄ resistance, latency or spore production among host or pathogen populations. Within populations, fungal strains had similar means, but varied in performance across plant populations. Variation in resistance among seed families indicates the potential for parasite-mediated selection, whereas there was little evidence for local pathogen genotype · plant genotype interactions assumed by most theoretical coevolution models. Lower spore production on sympatric than allopatric hosts confirmed local fungal maladaptation already observed for infectivity. Correlations between infectivity and latency or spore production suggest a common mechanism for variation in these traits. Our results suggest low variation available to this pathogen for tracking its coevolving host. This may be caused by random drift, breeding system or migration characteristic of metapopulation dynamics.

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Genetic variability and population structure in the canker pathogen Crumenulopsis sororia

Cited by 22 publications

References 15 publications

Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters

Genetic polymorphism and taxonomic infrastructure of the Pleurotus eryngii species-complex as determined by RAPD analysis, isozyme profiles and ecomorphological characters

Genetic variability and structure of Canadian populations of Chondrostereum purpureum, a potential biophytocide

Within- and among-population variation in infectivity, latency and spore production in a host–pathogen system

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